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his homeland

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1 his homeland

מולדתו, מכורתו, צור-מחצבתו

* * *
◙ ותבצחמ-רוצ,ותרוכמ,ותדלומ◄

English-Hebrew dictionary > his homeland
2 his homeland

zijn land/herkomst

English-Dutch dictionary > his homeland
3 his homeland

hans hemland, hans fosterland

English-Swedish dictionary > his homeland
4 tierra

tierra sustantivo femenino 1 (campo, terreno) land;
◊ tierras fértiles fertile land;
tierra de cultivo arable land 2 (suelo, superficie) ground; (materia, arena) earth;
◊ cavar la tierra to dig the ground;
un camión de tierra a truckload of soil o earth; no juegues con tierra don't play in the dirt; un camino de tierra a dirt road o track; echar algo por tierra ‹ planes› to wreck, ruin; ‹ argumentos› to demolish, destroy; ‹ esperanzas› to dash 3 (AmL) ( polvo) dust 4 (Elec) ground (AmE), earth (BrE); estar conectado a tierra or (AmL) hacer tierra to be grounded o earthed 5 (por oposición al mar, al aire) land;
◊ viajar por tierra to travel overland o by land;
tierra firme solid ground; tomar tierra to land, touch down 6 (país, lugar):
◊ su tierra (natal) his homeland, his native land;
costumbres de aquellas tierras customs in those places o countries; la Ttierra Santa the Holy Land 7 ( planeta)
◊ la Ttierra (the) Earth

tierra sustantivo femenino
1 (planeta) la Tierra, (the) Earth o earth
2 (medio terrestre, terreno) land
viajar por tierra, to travel by land
tierra adentro, inland
tierra de nadie, no-man's-land (un avión) tomar tierra, to land Agr land
tiene tierras de cultivo, he has cultivated land
tierra baldía, wasteland
3 (país, lugar de origen) homeland (territorio) nació en tierra inglesa, she was born on English soil
4 (superficie terrestre, suelo) ground
bajo tierra, below ground (materia) soil, earth
un puñado de tierra, a handful of earth o soil
un camino de tierra, a dirt track
5 Elec earth
toma de tierra, earth wire, US ground Locuciones: echar por tierra, to ruin, spoil
echar tierra sobre, to hush up familiar de la tierra, (producto del país) son tomates de la tierra, they are home-grown tomatoes familiar (alejarse, escapar) poner alguien tierra por medio, to get as far away as possible familiar (para expresar vergüenza) ¡tierra trágame! I wish the earth would swallow me up (perder un medio de transporte) quedarse alguien en tierra, to miss a planeain or any other form of transport ' tierra' also found in these entries: Spanish: adentro - baja - bajo - barro - batida - batido - campo - construcción - criar - desaparecer - entrañas - escarbar - esquilmar - explotar - franja - fructífera - fructífero - global - globo - gua - horizonte - hoyo - hundimiento - langosta - palada - parcela - perforar - pista - polvo - ras - redondez - remover - ribera - rica - rico - seísmo - sementera - señorío - soñar - suelo - surco - temblar - terráquea - terráqueo - terrena - terreno - terrestre - terrón - terruño - tocar English: adjacent - adjoining - allotment - ashore - clump - crack - crumble - crunch - cultivated - cultivation - demolish - dig - dirt road - earth - earthworm - earthy - encroach - explode - face - fairyland - fall - farming - feel - ground - hedgehog - Holy Land - homeland - inland - land - level - lump - no man's land - orbit - overland - parched - portage - pull apart - quake - reclaim - rich - richness - rig - rock - roll - rough - sandy - seed - set down - shatter - shock

English-spanish dictionary > tierra
5 Gabor, Dennis (Dénes)

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

[br]

b. 5 June 1900 Budapest, Hungary

d. 9 February 1979 London, England

[br]

Hungarian (naturalized British) physicist, inventor of holography.

[br]

Gabor became interested in physics at an early age. Called up for military service in 1918, he was soon released when the First World War came to an end. He then began a mechanical engineering course at the Budapest Technical University, but a further order to register for military service prompted him to flee in 1920 to Germany, where he completed his studies at Berlin Technical University. He was awarded a Diploma in Engineering in 1924 and a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering in 1927. He then went on to work in the physics laboratory of Siemens \& Halske. He returned to Hungary in 1933 and developed a new kind of fluorescent lamp called the plasma lamp. Failing to find a market for this device, Gabor made the decision to abandon his homeland and emigrate to England. There he joined British Thompson-Houston (BTH) in 1934 and married a colleague from the company in 1936. Gabor was also unsuccessful in his attempts to develop the plasma lamp in England, and by 1937 he had begun to work in the field of electron optics. His work was interrupted by the outbreak of war in 1939, although as he was not yet a British subject he was barred from making any significant contribution to the British war effort. It was only when the war was near its end that he was able to return to electron optics and begin the work that led to the invention of holography. The theory was developed during 1947 and 1948; Gabor went on to demonstrate that the theories worked, although it was not until the invention of the laser in 1960 that the full potential of his invention could be appreciated. He coined the term "hologram" from the Greek holos, meaning complete, and gram, meaning written. The three-dimensional images have since found many applications in various fields, including map making, medical imaging, computing, information technology, art and advertising. Gabor left BTH to become an associate professor at the Imperial College of Science and Technology in 1949, a position he held until his retirement in 1967. In 1971 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his work on holography.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Royal Society Rumford Medal 1968. Franklin Institute Michelson Medal 1968. CBE 1970. Nobel Prize for Physics 1971.

Bibliography

1948. "A new microscopic principle", Nature 161:777 (Gabor's earliest publication on holography).

1949. "Microscopy by reconstructed wavefronts", Proceedings of the Royal Society A197: 454–87.

1951, "Microscopy by reconstructed wavefronts II", Proc. Phys. Soc. B, 64:449–69. 1966, "Holography or the “Whole Picture”", New Scientist 29:74–8 (an interesting account written after laser beams were used to produce optical holograms).

Further Reading

T.E.Allibone, 1980, contribution to Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 26: 107–47 (a full account of Gabor's life and work).

JW

Biographical history of technology > Gabor, Dennis (Dénes)
6 Pinto, Fernão Mendes

(ca. 1510-1583)

Soldier and adventurer in Asia and one of Portugal's greatest prose writers of the 16th century. He was the author of a classic, largely true adventure story and history of Portugal in Asia, the Peregrinação, which in popularity among 17th-century readers in Iberia and Europe rivaled Miguel de Cervantes's Don Quijote. Even less is known about Mendes Pinto's life than that of Luís de Camões. He left as a soldier on a fleet for India in 1537, and lived in Asia for about 17 years. In addition to Portuguese India, he saw many places in Southeast Asia, China, and Japan. His service for Portugal involved great personal suffering including wounds in battle, captivities, and near-starvation. In later years, he retired as a lay brother of the Jesuit Order in Goa and went to Japan in 1556.

In 1558, he retired to Portugal, where he wrote his great work, the Peregrinação, which can be translated as 'Travels." The work was not published in his lifetime, but only in 1614, and it was long considered a work mainly of fiction, an apocryphal composition. It was apparently more popular in Spain, France, and England than in his homeland. Later critics and translators have concluded that much of the work is a partly true description of the Portuguese in Asia and of Asian events, coupled with a wry but honest look at the foibles of the Catholic Church of his day.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Pinto, Fernão Mendes
7 exile

1. noun
1) Exil, das; (forcible also) Verbannung, die ( from aus)

in exile — im Exil

into exile — ins Exil

2) (person, lit. or fig.) Verbannte, der/die
2. transitive verb
verbannen

* * *
1. noun
1) (a person who lives outside his own country either from choice or because he is forced to do so: an exile from his native land.) im Exil Lebende/r

2) (a (usually long) stay in a foreign land (eg as a punishment): He was sent into exile.) das Exil
2. verb
(to send away or banish (a person) from his own country.) verbannen

* * *

ex·ile

[ˈeksaɪl]

I. n

1. no pl (banishment) Exil nt, Verbannung f ( from aus + dat)

to be in \exile im Exil leben

to go into \exile ins Exil gehen

2. (person) Verbannte(r) f(m), Exilierte(r) f(m) form

he's been a political \exile from his homeland er musste aus politischen Gründen ins Exil gehen

tax \exile Steuerflüchtling m

3. REL

▪ the E\exile die Babylonische Gefangenschaft

II. vt

▪ to \exile sb jdn verbannen [o ins Exil schicken] [o form exilieren]

the \exiled author der im Exil lebende Schriftsteller/die im Exil lebende Schriftstellerin, der Exilschriftsteller/die Exilschriftstellerin

* * *
['eksaɪl]
1. n

1) (= person) Verbannte(r) mf

2) (= banishment) Exil nt, Verbannung f

to go into exile — ins Exil gehen

in exile — im Exil

2. vt
verbannen (from aus), ins Exil schicken
the exiled former president — der im Exil lebende frühere Präsident

* * *

exile [ˈeksaıl; ˈeɡzaıl]

A s

1. a) Exil n

b) Verbannung f:

go into exile ins Exil gehen;

live in exile im Exil oder in der Verbannung leben;

send into exile → B;

government in exile Exilregierung f;

place of exile Exil, Verbannungsort m

2. a) Verbannte(r) m/f(m)

b) im Exil Lebende(r) m/f(m)

3. the Exile BIBEL die Babylonische Gefangenschaft

B v/t

a) exilieren, ins Exil schicken

b) verbannen ( from aus), in die Verbannung schicken

* * *
1. noun
1) Exil, das; (forcible also) Verbannung, die ( from aus)

in exile — im Exil

into exile — ins Exil

2) (person, lit. or fig.) Verbannte, der/die
2. transitive verb
verbannen

* * *

n.

Exil -e n.

English-german dictionary > exile
8 pine for

чахнуть, сохнуть, тосковать по кому-либо/чему-либо
Helen pines for you.

Although the boy had lived in his new country for three years, he was still pining for his homeland.

Англо-русский словарь идиом и фразовых глаголов > pine for
9 banish

'bæniʃ
verb

(to send away (usually from a country), especially as a punishment: He was banished (from the country) for treason.) desterrar

- banishment

banish vb desterrar

banish

tr['bænɪʃ]

transitive verb

1 (expel) desterrar

■ they banished him from his homeland lo desterraron de su patria

■ to banish sadness / worry / fear desterrar la tristeza / las preocupaciones / el miedo

banish ['bænɪʃ] vt

1) exile: desterrar, exiliar

2) expel: expulsar

banish

v.

• ahuyentar v.

• deportar v.

• desarraigar v.

• desterrar v.

• desvanecer v.

'bænɪʃ
transitive verb

a) ( exile) desterrar*; \<\<fear/doubts\>\> hacer* olvidar, desvanecer* (liter)

b) ( prohibit) prohibir*

['bænɪʃ]
VT [+ person] expulsar, desterrar; (fig) [+ thought, fear] desterrar, apartar ( from de)
to banish a topic from one's conversation — desterrar un tema de la conversación

* * *
['bænɪʃ]
transitive verb

a) ( exile) desterrar*; \<\<fear/doubts\>\> hacer* olvidar, desvanecer* (liter)

b) ( prohibit) prohibir*

English-spanish dictionary > banish
10 longing

noun (a great desire or wish for something: She looked at the cakes with longing.) anhelo, deseo, añoranza

longing n deseo

longing

tr['lɒŋɪŋ]

noun

1 (yearning) ansia, anhelo; (nostalgia) nostalgia

longing [lɔŋɪŋ] n

: vivo deseo m, ansia f, anhelo m

longing

adj.

• anhelante adj.

• ansioso, -a adj.

• hambriento, -a adj.

n.

• acucia s.f.

• anhelo s.m.

• ansia s.f.

• antojo s.m.

• hambre s.f.

• sed s.f.

• soledad s.f.

'lɔːŋɪŋ, 'lɒŋɪŋ
mass & count noun ( nostalgia) añoranza f, nostalgia f; ( desire) vivo or vehemente deseo m

['lɒŋɪŋ]
1.

N (=yearning) (for place) nostalgia f, añoranza f ; (for past time) añoranza f ; (for person, thing) anhelo m

she felt a longing for her childhood days — añoraba los días de su infancia

he felt a longing for his homeland — sentía nostalgia por su país, añoraba su país

people have a longing for normality — la gente anhela la normalidad

she gazed at him with longing — lo miró con anhelo

2.

ADJ [look] anhelante

* * *
['lɔːŋɪŋ, 'lɒŋɪŋ]
mass & count noun ( nostalgia) añoranza f, nostalgia f; ( desire) vivo or vehemente deseo m

English-spanish dictionary > longing
11 exile

ex·ile [ʼeksaɪl] n

1) no pl ( banishment) Exil nt, Verbannung f ( from aus +dat);

to be in \exile im Exil leben;

to go into \exile ins Exil gehen

2) ( person) Verbannte(r) f(m), Exilierte(r) f(m) ( form)

he's been a political \exile from his homeland er musste aus politischen Gründen ins Exil gehen;

tax \exile Steuerflüchtling m

3) rel

the E\exile die Babylonische Gefangenschaft vt

to \exile sb jdn verbannen [o ins Exil schicken] [o ( form) exilieren];

the \exiled author der im Exil lebende Schriftsteller/die im Exil lebende Schriftstellerin, der Exilschriftsteller/die Exilschriftstellerin

English-German students dictionary > exile
12 nevermore

nevermore adv plus jamais ; nevermore will he see his homeland il ne verra plus jamais sa patrie.

Big English-French dictionary > nevermore
13 home

[həum] 1. noun
1) (the house, town, country etc where a person etc usually lives: I work in London but my home is in Bournemouth; When I retire, I'll make my home in Bournemouth; Africa is the home of the lion; We'll have to find a home for the kitten.) hjem

2) (the place from which a person, thing etc comes originally: America is the home of jazz.) hjemsted

3) (a place where children without parents, old people, people who are ill etc live and are looked after: an old folk's home; a nursing home.) -hjem

4) (a place where people stay while they are working: a nurses' home.) internat; -hjem

5) (a house: Crumpy Construction build fine homes for fine people; He invited me round to his home.) hus; hjem; bolig
2. adjective
1) (of a person's home or family: home comforts.) hjem-; hjemme-

2) (of the country etc where a person lives: home produce.) hjemme-; indenlandsk

3) ((in football) playing or played on a team's own ground: the home team; a home game.) hjemme-
3. adverb
1) (to a person's home: I'm going home now; Hallo - I'm home!) hjem; hjemme

2) (completely; to the place, position etc a thing is intended to be: He drove the nail home; Few of his punches went home; These photographs of the war brought home to me the suffering of the soldiers.) ind; hjem

•

- homeless
- homely
- homeliness
- homing
- home-coming
- home-grown
- homeland
- home-made
- home rule
- homesick
- homesickness
- homestead
- home truth
- homeward
- homewards
- homeward
- homework
- at home
- be/feel at home
- home in on
- leave home
- make oneself at home
- nothing to write home about
* * *
[həum] 1. noun
1) (the house, town, country etc where a person etc usually lives: I work in London but my home is in Bournemouth; When I retire, I'll make my home in Bournemouth; Africa is the home of the lion; We'll have to find a home for the kitten.) hjem

2) (the place from which a person, thing etc comes originally: America is the home of jazz.) hjemsted

3) (a place where children without parents, old people, people who are ill etc live and are looked after: an old folk's home; a nursing home.) -hjem

4) (a place where people stay while they are working: a nurses' home.) internat; -hjem

5) (a house: Crumpy Construction build fine homes for fine people; He invited me round to his home.) hus; hjem; bolig
2. adjective
1) (of a person's home or family: home comforts.) hjem-; hjemme-

2) (of the country etc where a person lives: home produce.) hjemme-; indenlandsk

3) ((in football) playing or played on a team's own ground: the home team; a home game.) hjemme-
3. adverb
1) (to a person's home: I'm going home now; Hallo - I'm home!) hjem; hjemme

2) (completely; to the place, position etc a thing is intended to be: He drove the nail home; Few of his punches went home; These photographs of the war brought home to me the suffering of the soldiers.) ind; hjem

•

- homeless
- homely
- homeliness
- homing
- home-coming
- home-grown
- homeland
- home-made
- home rule
- homesick
- homesickness
- homestead
- home truth
- homeward
- homewards
- homeward
- homework
- at home
- be/feel at home
- home in on
- leave home
- make oneself at home
- nothing to write home about

English-Danish dictionary > home
14 devotion

[dɪ'vəʊʃn] 1.
nome (to person, work, homeland) dedizione f.; (to doctrine, cause) attaccamento m.; (to God) devozione f.
2.
nome plurale devotions devozioni f., preghiere f.

* * *

noun

1) (great love: her undying devotion for her children.) devozione

2) (the act of devoting or of being devoted: devotion to duty.) devozione

* * *
devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃn/
n.

1 [u] (relig.) devozione; pietà

2 [u] devozione; dedizione: devotion to a cause, dedizione a una causa; devotion to one's family, devozione (o attaccamento) alla famiglia; He was praised for his selfless devotion to duty, era lodato per la sua dedizione disinteressata al dovere

3 (pl., form.) devozioni; preghiere: The bishop was at his devotions, il vescovo diceva le devozioni (o recitava le preghiere).

* * *
[dɪ'vəʊʃn] 1.
nome (to person, work, homeland) dedizione f.; (to doctrine, cause) attaccamento m.; (to God) devozione f.
2.
nome plurale devotions devozioni f., preghiere f.

English-Italian dictionary > devotion
15 home

1. noun
1) Heim, das; (flat) Wohnung, die; (house) Haus, das; (household) [Eltern]haus, das

my home is in Leeds — ich bin in Leeds zu Hause od. wohne in Leeds

a home of one's own — ein eigenes Zuhause

leave/have left home — aus dem Haus gehen/sein

live at home — im Elternhaus wohnen

they had no home/homes [of their own] — sie hatten kein Zuhause

at home — zu Hause; (not abroad) im Inland

be/feel at home — (fig.) sich wohl fühlen

make somebody feel at home — es jemandem behaglich machen

make yourself at home — fühl dich wie zu Hause

he is quite at home in French — er ist im Französischen ganz gut zu Hause

home from home — zweites Zuhause

2) (fig.)

to take an example nearer home,... — um ein Beispiel zu nehmen, das uns näher liegt,...

3) (native country) die Heimat

at home — zu Hause; in der Heimat

4) (institution) Heim, das; (coll.): (mental home) Anstalt, die (salopp)
2. adjective
1) (connected with home) Haus-; Haushalts[gerät usw.]

2) (done at home) häuslich; Selbst[backen, homebrauen usw.]

3) (in the neighbourhood of home) nahe gelegen

4) (Sport) Heim[spiel, -sieg, -mannschaft]; [Anhänger, Spieler] der Heimmannschaft

home ground — eigener Platz

5) (not foreign) [ein]heimisch; inländisch
3. adverb
1) (to home) nach Hause

on one's way home — auf dem Weg nach Hause od. Nachhauseweg

he takes home £200 a week after tax — er verdient 200 Pfund netto in der Woche

nothing to write home about — (coll.) nichts Besonderes od. Aufregendes

2) (arrived at home) zu Hause

be home and dry — (fig.) aus dem Schneider sein (ugs.)

3) (as far as possible)

push home — [ganz] hineinschieben [Schublade]; ausnutzen [Vorteil]

press home — [ganz] hinunterdrücken [Hebel]; forcieren [Angriff]; [voll] ausnutzen [Vorteil]

drive home — [ganz] einschlagen [Nagel]

4)

come or get home to somebody — (become fully realized) jemandem in vollem Ausmaß bewusst werden; see also academic.ru/62935/roost">roost 1.
4. intransitive verb
1) [Vogel usw.:] zurückkehren

2) (be guided)

these missiles home [in] on their targets — diese Flugkörper suchen sich (Dat.) ihr Ziel

3)

home in/on something — (fig.) etwas herausgreifen

* * *
[həum] 1. noun
1) (the house, town, country etc where a person etc usually lives: I work in London but my home is in Bournemouth; When I retire, I'll make my home in Bournemouth; Africa is the home of the lion; We'll have to find a home for the kitten.) die Heimat

2) (the place from which a person, thing etc comes originally: America is the home of jazz.) die Heimat

3) (a place where children without parents, old people, people who are ill etc live and are looked after: an old folk's home; a nursing home.) das Heim

4) (a place where people stay while they are working: a nurses' home.) das Heim

5) (a house: Crumpy Construction build fine homes for fine people; He invited me round to his home.) die Wohnung
2. adjective
1) (of a person's home or family: home comforts.) häuslich

2) (of the country etc where a person lives: home produce.) einheimisch

3) ((in football) playing or played on a team's own ground: the home team; a home game.) Heim-...
3. adverb
1) (to a person's home: I'm going home now; Hallo - I'm home!) nach, zu Hause

2) (completely; to the place, position etc a thing is intended to be: He drove the nail home; Few of his punches went home; These photographs of the war brought home to me the suffering of the soldiers.) bis ans Ziel, jemandem etwas klarmachen

•

- homeless
- homely
- homeliness
- homing
- home-coming
- home-grown
- homeland
- home-made
- home rule
- homesick
- homesickness
- homestead
- home truth
- homeward
- homewards
- homeward
- homework
- at home
- be/feel at home
- home in on
- leave home
- make oneself at home
- nothing to write home about
* * *

home

[həʊm, AM hoʊm]

I. n

1. (abode) Zuhause nt

haven't you got a \home to go to? ( iron) hast du [denn] kein Zuhause? iron

away from \home auswärts

to be away from \home von zu Hause weg sein

to come straight from \home direkt von zu Hause kommen

to be a \home from [or AM, AUS away from] \home ein zweites Zuhause sein

to be \home to sb/sth:

the city is \home to about 700 refugees in der Stadt wohnen ca. 700 Flüchtlinge

the museum is \home to a large collection of manuscripts das Museum besitzt eine große Manuskriptensammlung

to be not at \home to sb für jdn nicht zu sprechen sein

to give sb/an animal a \home jdm/einem Tier ein Zuhause geben

to leave \home ausziehen; child das Elternhaus verlassen, von zu Hause ausziehen

to make a country/town one's \home sich in einer Stadt/einem Land niederlassen

to make oneself at \home es sich dat gemütlich machen

to set up \home sich akk häuslich niederlassen

to work from \home zu Hause [o von zu Hause aus] arbeiten

at \home, in one's [own] \home, in the \home zu Hause, zuhause ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

2. (house) Haus nt; (flat) Wohnung f

luxury \home Luxusheim nt

starter \home erstes eigenes Heim

to move \home umziehen

3. (family) Zuhause nt kein pl

to come from a broken \home aus zerrütteten Familienverhältnissen stammen, aus einem kaputten Zuhause kommen fam

to come from a good \home aus gutem Hause kommen geh

happy \home glückliches Zuhause

4. (institute) Heim nt

old people's \home Altersheim nt

5. (place of origin) Heimat f; (of people also) Zuhause nt kein pl

England feels like \home to me now ich fühle mich inzwischen in England zu Hause

at \home in der Heimat, zu Hause

at \home and abroad im In- und Ausland

6. SPORT (home ground)

to loose/win away from \home auswärts verlieren/gewinnen

to play at \home zu Hause spielen

7. (finish) Ziel nt

8. (win) Heimsieg m

9. no pl COMPUT (for the cursor) Ausgangsstellung f; (on the key)

“\home” „Pos. 1“

10.

▶ who's he/she when he's/she's at \home? ( fam) wer, bitteschön, ist er/sie [denn] überhaupt?

▶ charity begins at \home ( prov) man muss zuerst an die eigene Familie denken

▶ to be close [or near] to \home:

that remark was close to \home das hat richtig gesessen fam

▶ to eat sb out of house and \home ( fam) jdm die Haare vom Kopf fressen fam

▶ an Englishman's \home is his castle ( prov) dem Engländer bedeutet sein Zuhause sehr viel

▶ to be [or feel] at \home with sb sich akk bei jdm wohl fühlen

▶ \home is where the heart is ( prov) Zuhause ist, wo das Herz zu Hause ist

▶ there's no place like \home ( prov) daheim ist's doch am schönsten

▶ \home sweet \home ( saying) trautes Heim, Glück allein

II. adv inv

1. (at one's abode) zu Hause, zuhause ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ, daheim bes SÜDD, ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ; (to one's abode) nach Hause, nachhause ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ

are you \home this afternoon? bist du heute Nachmittag zu Hause?

hello! I'm \home! hallo! ich bin wieder da!

on my way \home auf dem Nachhauseweg

to come/go \home nach Hause kommen/gehen

2. (to one's origin)

to go/return \home in seine Heimat zurückgehen/zurückkehren

to send sb \home jdn zurück in die [o seine] Heimat schicken

3. (to sb's understanding)

the danger really came \home to me when I... die Gefahr wurde mir erst richtig bewusst, als ich...

to bring sth \home [to sb] [jdm] etw klarmachen

to drive [or hammer] [or ram] it \home that... unmissverständlich klarmachen, dass...

she really drove \home the message that we need to economize sie machte uns unmissverständlich klar, dass wir sparen müssen

sth hit [or went] \home etw hat gesessen fam

her remarks really hit \home ihre Bemerkungen haben echt gesessen! fam

to push [or press] \home ⇆ sth etw dat [besonderen] Nachdruck verleihen

4. (to a larger extent)

she pressed \home her attack on his bishop sie verstärkte den Angriff auf seinen Läufer

to push \home an advantage [or an advantage \home] einen Vorteil ausnutzen

5. (to its final position)

to push the bolt \home den Türriegel vorschieben

to hit [or strike] \home missile das Ziel treffen

to press/screw sth \home etw gut festdrücken/festschrauben

6. SPORT (finish)

to get \home das Ziel erreichen

7.

▶ to bring \home the bacon ( fam) die Brötchen verdienen fam

▶ until [or till] the cows come \home ( fam) bis in alle Ewigkeit

I could drink this wine till the cows come \home diesen Wein könnte ich endlos weitertrinken fam

▶ to be \home and dry [or AUS hosed], AM to be \home free seine Schäfchen ins Trockene gebracht haben fig fam

▶ it's nothing to write \home about es ist nicht gerade umwerfend [o haut einen nicht gerade vom Hocker] fam

▶ \home, James[, and don't spare the horses]! ( dated or hum) so schnell wie nur möglich nach Hause!

III. vi ( fam)

1. (find its aim) [selbstständig] sein Ziel finden; (move) sein Ziel ansteuern

▪ to \home in on sth (find its aim) sich [selbstständig] auf etw akk ausrichten; (move) genau auf etw akk zusteuern

2. (focus)

▪ to \home in on sth [sich dat] etw herausgreifen

* * *
[həʊm]
1. n

1) (= where one lives) Zuhause nt, Heim nt; (= house) Haus nt; (= country, area etc) Heimat f

a loving/good home — ein liebevolles/gutes Zuhause

gifts for the home — Geschenke pl für das Haus or die Wohnung

a useful gadget to have in your home — ein sehr praktisches Gerät für den Haushalt

his home is in Brussels — er ist in Brüssel zu Hause

Bournemouth is his second home — Bournemouth ist seine zweite Heimat (geworden)

haven't you got a home to go to? — hast du kein Zuhause?

he invited us round to his home — er hat uns zu sich (nach Hause) eingeladen

away from home — von zu Hause weg

a long way from home — weit von zu Hause weg or entfernt; (in different country also) weit von der Heimat entfernt

to live away from home — nicht zu Hause wohnen

he worked away from home — er hat auswärts gearbeitet

let's concentrate on problems closer to home — wir sollten uns auf unsere eigenen Probleme konzentrieren

to have a home of one's own — ein eigenes Heim or Zuhause haben

to find a home for sb/an animal — ein Zuhause für jdn/ein Tier finden

does this hammer have a home? (hum) —

I'll give that picture a home — bei mir wird das Bild einen guten Platz finden or haben

it's a home from home — es ist wie zu Hause

at home — zu Hause; (Comm) im Inland; (Sport) auf eigenem Platz

the next match will be at home —

Miss Hooper is not at home today Miss Hooper is not at home to anyone today — Frau Hooper ist heute nicht zu Hause or nicht da Frau Hooper ist heute für niemanden zu Hause or zu sprechen

who's he when he's at home? (inf) — wer in aller Welt ist er?

to be or feel at home with sb — sich in jds Gegenwart (dat) wohlfühlen

he doesn't feel at home with English — er fühlt sich im Englischen nicht sicher or zu Hause

I don't feel at home with this new theory yet — ich komme mit dieser neuen Theorie noch nicht ganz zurecht

to make oneself at home — es sich (dat) gemütlich or bequem machen

to make sb feel at home — es jdm gemütlich machen

to leave home — von zu Hause weggehen

Scotland is the home of the haggis — Schottland ist die Heimat des Haggis, das Haggis ist in Schottland zu Hause

the city/this building is home to some 1,500 students — in dieser Stadt/diesem Gebäude wohnen etwa 1.500 Studenten or sind etwa 1.500 Studenten zu Hause

there's no place like home (Prov) — daheim ist daheim (prov), eigener Herd ist Goldes wert (Prov)

home sweet home (Prov) — trautes Heim, Glück allein (Prov)

2) (= institution) Heim nt; (for orphans) Waisenhaus nt, Heim nt; (for blind) Heim nt, Anstalt f → nursing home

See:

→ nursing home

3) (ZOOL, BOT) Heimat f

4) (SPORT) (= base) Mal nt; (RACING) Ziel nt

2. adv

1) (position) zu Hause, zuhause (Aus, Sw), daheim; (with verb of motion) nach Hause, nachhause (Aus, Sw), heim

to go home (to house) — nach Hause or (Aus, Sw) nachhause gehen/fahren; (to country) heimfahren

on the way home —

the first runner home — der Erste, der durchs Ziel geht

the first runner home was Fred — Fred ging als Erster durchs Ziel

to get home — nach Hause or (Aus, Sw) nachhause kommen, heimkommen; (in race) durchs Ziel gehen

I have to get home before ten — ich muss vor zehn zu Hause or (Aus, Sw) zuhause or daheim sein

to return home from abroad — aus dem Ausland zurückkommen

2)

(= to the mark) to drive a nail home — einen Nagel einschlagen

he nudged the ball home (Ftbl) — er schob den Ball ins Tor

to bring or get sth home to sb — jdm etw klarmachen or beibringen

it came home to him that... — es wurde ihm klar, dass...

to strike home (torpedo etc) — treffen; ( fig : remark ) ins Schwarze treffen, sitzen (inf)

See:

→ drive home, hammer home, hit, press, push

3. vi
(pigeons) heimkehren
* * *

home [həʊm]

A s

1. Heim n:

a) Haus n, (eigene) Wohnung

b) Zuhause n, Daheim n

c) Elternhaus n:

at home zu Hause, daheim (beide, auch SPORT)( → A 2);

at home in ( oder on, with) zu Hause in (einem Fachgebiet etc), bewandert in (dat), vertraut mit;

be at home in London in London zu Hause sein;

not be at home (to sb) nicht zu sprechen sein (für jemanden);

feel at home sich wie zu Hause fühlen;

make o.s. at home es sich bequem machen; tun, als ob man zu Hause wäre;

he made his home at er ließ sich in (dat) nieder;

leave home von zu Hause fortgehen;

work from home von zu Hause aus arbeiten;

away from home abwesend, verreist, besonders SPORT auswärts;

a home from home, US a home away from home ein Ort, an dem man sich wie zu Hause fühlt;

pleasures of home häusliche Freuden

2. Heimat f ( auch BOT, ZOOL und fig), Geburts-, Vaterland n:

the US is the home of baseball die USA sind die Heimat des Baseball;

at home

a) im Lande, in der Heimat,

b) im Inland, daheim,

c) im (englischen) Mutterland ( → A 1);

at home and abroad im In- und Ausland;

Paris is his second home Paris ist seine zweite Heimat;

a letter from home ein Brief aus der Heimat oder von zu Hause

3. (ständiger oder jetziger) Wohnort, Heimatort m:

he has made London his home er hat sich in London niedergelassen

4. Zufluchtsort m:

last ( oder long) home letzte Ruhestätte

5. Heim n:

home for the aged Alters-, Altenheim;

home for the blind Blindenheim, -anstalt f; → children, orphan A

6. SPORT Ziel n

7. SPORT

a) Heimspiel n

b) Heimsieg m

B adj

1. Heim…:

a) häuslich

b) zu Haus ausgeübt:

home banking COMPUT etc Homebanking n (Abwicklung von Bankgeschäften von zu Hause aus);

home circle Familienkreis m;

home computer Homecomputer m (kleinerer Computer für den häuslichen Anwendungsbereich);

home cooking das Kochen zu Hause;

home difficulties häusliche Schwierigkeiten;

home life häusliches Leben, Familienleben n;

home mechanic Bastler(in), Heimwerker(in);

home remedy Hausmittel n

2. Heimat…:

home city;

home port;

home address Heimat- oder Privatanschrift f;

home fleet SCHIFF Flotte f in Heimatgewässern;

home forces MIL im Heimatland stationierte Streitkräfte;

home waters SCHIFF heimatliche Gewässer

3. einheimisch, inländisch, Inlands…, Binnen…:

home affairs POL innere Angelegenheiten, Innenpolitik f;

home demand WIRTSCH Inlandsbedarf m;

home market WIRTSCH Inlands-, Binnenmarkt m;

home trade WIRTSCH Binnenhandel m

4. SPORT

a) Heim…:

home advantage (defeat, game, team, win, etc);

home record Heimbilanz f;

home strength Heimstärke f;

home weakness Heimschwäche f

b) Ziel…: → home straight

5. TECH Normal…:

home position

6. Rück…:

home freight

7. a) gezielt, wirkungsvoll (Schlag etc)

b) fig treffend, beißend (Bemerkung etc):

home question gezielte oder peinliche Frage; → home thrust, home truth

C adv

1. heim, nach Hause:

the way home der Heimweg;

go home heimgehen, nach Hause gehen ( → C 3);

take home netto verdienen oder bekommen;

that’s nothing to write home about umg das ist nichts Besonderes oder nicht so toll oder nicht gerade berauschend, darauf brauchst du dir nichts einzubilden; → come home, get C 1

2. zu Hause, daheim:

welcome home!;

be home and dry Br umg

a) in Sicherheit sein,

b) hundertprozentig sicher sein

3. fig

a) ins Ziel oder Schwarze

b) im Ziel, im Schwarzen

c) bis zum Ausgangspunkt

d) so weit wie möglich, ganz:

bring ( oder drive) sth home to sb jemandem etwas klarmachen oder beibringen oder zum Bewusstsein bringen oder vor Augen führen;

bring a charge home to sb jemanden überführen;

drive a nail home einen Nagel fest einschlagen;

go ( oder get, strike) home sitzen umg, treffen, seine Wirkung tun ( → C 1);

the thrust went home der Hieb saß

D v/i

1. besonders ZOOL zurückkehren

2. FLUG

a) (mittels Leitstrahl) das Ziel anfliegen:

home on ( oder in) a beam einem Leitstrahl folgen

b) automatisch auf ein Ziel zusteuern (Rakete):

home in on ein Ziel automatisch ansteuern, fig sich sofort etwas herausgreifen

E v/t ein Flugzeug (mittels Radar) einweisen, herunterholen umg

* * *
1. noun
1) Heim, das; (flat) Wohnung, die; (house) Haus, das; (household) [Eltern]haus, das

my home is in Leeds — ich bin in Leeds zu Hause od. wohne in Leeds

a home of one's own — ein eigenes Zuhause

leave/have left home — aus dem Haus gehen/sein

live at home — im Elternhaus wohnen

they had no home/homes [of their own] — sie hatten kein Zuhause

at home — zu Hause; (not abroad) im Inland

be/feel at home — (fig.) sich wohl fühlen

make somebody feel at home — es jemandem behaglich machen

make yourself at home — fühl dich wie zu Hause

he is quite at home in French — er ist im Französischen ganz gut zu Hause

home from home — zweites Zuhause

2) (fig.)

to take an example nearer home,... — um ein Beispiel zu nehmen, das uns näher liegt,...

3) (native country) die Heimat

at home — zu Hause; in der Heimat

4) (institution) Heim, das; (coll.): (mental home) Anstalt, die (salopp)
2. adjective
1) (connected with home) Haus-; Haushalts[gerät usw.]

2) (done at home) häuslich; Selbst[backen, homebrauen usw.]

3) (in the neighbourhood of home) nahe gelegen

4) (Sport) Heim[spiel, -sieg, -mannschaft]; [Anhänger, Spieler] der Heimmannschaft

home ground — eigener Platz

5) (not foreign) [ein]heimisch; inländisch
3. adverb
1) (to home) nach Hause

on one's way home — auf dem Weg nach Hause od. Nachhauseweg

he takes home £200 a week after tax — er verdient 200 Pfund netto in der Woche

nothing to write home about — (coll.) nichts Besonderes od. Aufregendes

2) (arrived at home) zu Hause

be home and dry — (fig.) aus dem Schneider sein (ugs.)

3) (as far as possible)

push home — [ganz] hineinschieben [Schublade]; ausnutzen [Vorteil]

press home — [ganz] hinunterdrücken [Hebel]; forcieren [Angriff]; [voll] ausnutzen [Vorteil]

drive home — [ganz] einschlagen [Nagel]

4)

come or get home to somebody — (become fully realized) jemandem in vollem Ausmaß bewusst werden; see also roost 1.
4. intransitive verb
1) [Vogel usw.:] zurückkehren

2) (be guided)

these missiles home [in] on their targets — diese Flugkörper suchen sich (Dat.) ihr Ziel

3)

home in/on something — (fig.) etwas herausgreifen

* * *

adj.

heimwärts adj.

nach Hause ausdr. adv.

nach Hause ausdr. n.

Haus Häuser n.

Heim -e n.

Zuhause n.

English-german dictionary > home
16 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE

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   ■, and Gerhard Lehmbruch, eds. Trends towards Corporatist Intermediation. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1979.

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   ■ Silva, José. Memórias de um operário. Vol. 2. Oporto, 1971. Soares, Mário. Escritos Políticos. Lisbon, 1969.

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   ■. A Neutralidade Portuguesa e o Ouro Nazi. Lisbon: Quetzal, 2000.

   ■ Teotônio Pereira, Pedro. Memórias, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1972-73.

   ■ Vasco, Nuno. Vigiados e perseguidos. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Veríssimo, Serrão. Marcelo Caetano: Confidencias No Exílio. Lisbon, 1985. Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. West, S. George. The New Corporative State of Portugal [Inaugural lecture, King's College, London, Feb. 1937]. London: New Temple Press, 1937. Wheeler, Douglas L. "Thaw in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 48, 4 (July 1970): 769-81.

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   ■. Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978. Portuguese edition: História Política de Portugal, 1910-l926. Mem Martins, 1985.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review [two part article] 12, 1-2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27.

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   ■. "The Third Pig: From Theory to Grubby Fact in Reassessing the Estado Novo." In B. F. Taggie and R. W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 145-68. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State Press, 1989.

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   ■, and René Pélissier. Angola. New York: Praeger and London: Pall Mall, 1971; reprinted: Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1977.

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   ■ World War II and Portugal

   ■ Afonso, Rui. Um Homem Bom. Aristides De Sousa Mendes O " Wallenberg Portugues." Lisbon: Caminho, 1995.

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   ■. O Espiao Alemao Em Goa. Operacao Long Shanks, 1943. Lisbon, 2001.

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   ■ Fralon, Jose-Alain. A Good Man in Evil Times. The Story of Aristides De Sousa Mendes: The Man Who Saved the Lives of Countless Refugees in World War II. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2001.

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   ■ Leitz, Christian. Sympathy for the Devil: Neutral Portugal and Nazi Germany in World War II. New York, 2001.

   ■ Louca, Antonio. Hitler e Salazar. Comercio em tempos de Guerra 1940-1944. Lisbon, 2000.

   ■ Luca, Antonio. "Portugal's Double Game: Between the Nazis and the Allies." In Avi Beker, ed., The Plunder of Jewish Property during the Holocaust. Confronting European History. New York, 2001. MacIntyre, Ben. Agent Zigzag. New York: Harmony, 2007. Martins, Maria Joao. O Paraiso Triste. O Quotidiano em Lisboa durante a II Grande Guerra. Lisbon: Vega, 1994. Masterman, J.C. The Double-Cross System in the War of 1939 to 1945. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1972. Muggeridge, Malcolm. Chronicles of Wasted Time. Chronicle 2: The Infernal Grove. New York: William Morrow, 1974.

   ■ Nery, Julia. O Consul. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1991.

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   ■ Saint-Exupery, Antoine. Wartime Writings, 1939-1944. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1986.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano, ed. Portugal E A Guerra. Historia das Intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais seculos XIX e XX. Lisbon: Colibri, 1998.

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   ■ Vintras, R.E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman and Turner, 1974. Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Age Old Business of Espionage." 1987 World Book Year Book. Chicago, 1987.

   ■. "'In the Service of Order.' The Portuguese Political Police and the British, Germany and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 36: no. 3 (Jan. 1983), 1-25.

   ■. "And Who is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 23 (no. 2) (Summer 1989), 119-39.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, WI), 23 (nos.1, 2) (Summer, 1986; Winter, 1986). 97-111; 108-127.

   ■. "Last of the Great Air Mysteries of the War [World War II]." Bridport and Lyme Regis Gazette (Dorset, U.K.), June 5, 2003, 24-25.

   ■. "Leslie Howard Helped Win World War II," St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Mo.), April 3, 5, 2005.

   ■ Wilson, Robert. A Small Death in Lisbon. London, 2000.

   ■. The Company Of Strangers. San Diego, 2002.

   ■ Wylie, Neville. "An Amateur Learns His Job? Special Operations Executive in Portugal, 1940-42." Journal of Contemporary History. 36: no. 3 (2001), 441-57.

   ■ The Military

   ■ Ferreira Martins, General. Historia do Exercito Portugues. Lisbon: Inquerito, 1945.

   ■ Kaulza de Arriaga, General. Guerra e Politica. Em nome da verdade. Os anos decisivos. Lisbon: Referendo, 1987.

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   ■ Pereira Marques, Fernando. Exercito e Sociedade em Portugal. No Declinio do Antigo Regime e advento do Liberalismo. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.

   ■ Ribeiro Dos Santos, Antonio Pedro. O Estado E A Order Publica. As Institui-coes Militares Portuguesas. Lisbon: Instituto Superior De Ciencias Sociais E Politicas, 1999.

   ■ Saraiva de Carvalho, Otelo. Alvorada em Abril. Amadora (Portugal): Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Selvagem, Carlos. Portugal Militar. Compendio de Historia Militar e Naval de Portugal. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1931.

   ■ Spinola, Antonio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon: Arcadia, 1974.

   ■. Pais Sem Rumo. Contributo para a historia de uma Revolucao. Lisbon: Scire, 1978.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. Portugal e a Guerra. Historia das intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais do seculo XX. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 1999.

   ■. Coord., Nova Historia Militar de Portugal, 5 vols. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2003-.

   ■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. O Poder e o Povo. A Revolucao de 1910. Lisbon: Moraes, 1976, 1982.

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   ■ Government and Politics since 1974

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   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel, ed. Sistema Eleitoral Portugües: Debate Político e Parlamentar. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional/ Casa da Moeda, 1998.

   ■, ed. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." In Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer, 2000): 1-404.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

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   ■ Costa Pinto, Antonio. "Settling Accounts with the Past in a Troubled Transition to Democracy: The Portuguese Case." In Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar, eds., The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, 65-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Cruzeiro, Maria Manuela. Costa Gomes-o Ultimo Marechal. Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 1998.

   ■ Domingos, Emídio Da Veiga. Portugal Político. Análise das Instituiçoes. Lisbon, 1989.

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   ■ Magone, José Maria. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1997.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth R., and Scott C. Monje, eds. Portugal: The Constitution and the Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-1989. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Camões Center Special Report No. 2, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■ Opello, Walter C., Jr. "The New Parliament in Portugal." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 3 (May 1978): 309-334.

   ■. "Local Government and Political Culture in a Portuguese Rural County." Comparative Politics 13 (April 1981): 271-89.

   ■. "Portugal's Administrative Elite: Social Origins and Political Attitudes." West European Politics 6 (Jan. 1983): 63-74.

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   ■ Alves, Márcio Moreira. Les Soldats Socialistes du Portugal. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. Sá Carneiro: Um Meteoro Nos Anos Setenta. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. O Segredo do 25 de Novembro. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■ Arouca, Manuel. Os Filhos Da Costa Do Sol. Mem Martins, 1989. Audibert, Pierre, and Daniel Brignon. Portugal: Les nouveaux centurions. Paris, 1974.

   ■ Baptista, Jacinto. Caminhos para uma revolução. Lisbon, 1975. Barreto, Antônio. Memórias da Reforma Agrária. Mem Martins: Europa-Amé-rica, 1983.

   ■, and C. V. Preto, eds. A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.

   ■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.

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   ■, and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Carvalho, Ortelo Saraiva de. Cinco Meses Mudaram Portugal. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Cid, Augusto. PREC-Processo Revolucionário Eventualmente Chocante. Viseu, 1977.

   ■ Costa Lobo, Marina, and Pedro C. Magalhaes. "From 'Third Wave' to 'Third Way': Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)," Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 3, no. 1 (2001), 25-35.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, ed. Modern Portugal. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, eds. Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2002.

   ■ Cunhal, Alvaro. A Revolução Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999.

   ■ Downs, Charles. "Comissões de Moradores and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 4 (1986): 267-94.

   ■. Revolution at the Grassroots: Community Organizations in the Portuguese Revolution. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

   ■ Dufour, Jean-Marc. Prague sur Tage. Paris, 1975.

   ■ Durão Barroso, José. Le systémepolitiqueportugais face à l'intégration euro-péenne. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Eisfeid, Rainer. "Portugal: What Role/What Future?" In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution. New York: RIIC, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■. Sozialistischer Pluralismus in Europa: Ansãtze und Scheitern am Beispiel Portugal. Cologne: Verlag Wissenchaft ünd Politik, 1985.

   ■. "Portugal and Western Europe." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 29-62. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Farinha, Luis. "Regresso a Europa. Uma opcao feliz." Historia. XXIX; 95, III series (March 2007), 23-33.

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   ■ Gama, Jaime. Política Externa Portuguesa 1983-85: Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. "Preface." In J. Calvet de Magalhães, A. de Vasconcelos, and J. Ramos Silva, eds., Portugal: An Atlantic Paradox, 9-11. Lisbon, 1990. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino. As Eleições De 25 De Abril: Geografia E Imagem Dos Partidos. Lisbon, 1976.

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   ■, et al. As Eleições para assembleia da república, 1979-1983: Estudos de geografia eleitoral. Lisbon, 1984. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino, eds. Portugal em mapas e em números. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.

   ■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.

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   ■ Grayson, George W. "Portugal and the Armed Forces Movement." Orbis XIX, 2 (Summer 1975): 335-78.

   ■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.

   ■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.

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   ■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.

   ■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.

   ■ Insight Team of the Sunday [London] Times. Insight on Portugal: The Year of the Captains. London: Deutsch, 1975.

   ■ Janitschek, Hans. Mario Soares: Portrait of a Hero. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985.

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   ■, ed. The Press and the Rebirth of Iberian Democracy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983.

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   ■. A Constituição de 1976. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Morrison, Rodney J. Portugal: Revolutionary Change in an Open Economy. Boston: Auburn House, 1981.

   ■ Mujal-Leôn, Eusebio. "The PCP [Portuguese Communist Party] and the Portuguese Revolution." Problems of Communism 26 (Jan.- Feb. 1977): 21-41.

   ■ Neves, Mário. Missão em Moscovo. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Oliveira, César. M. F. A. e Revolução Socialista. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.

   ■ Opello, Waiter C., Jr. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■. Portugal: From Monarchy to Pluralist Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1991.

   ■ Pell, Senator Claiborne H. Portugal ( Including the Azores and Spain) in Search of New Directions: Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976.

   ■ Pereira, J. Pacheco. "A Case of Orthodoxy: The Communist Party of Portugal." In Waller and Fenema, eds., Communist Parties in Western Europe: Adaptation or Decline? Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.

   ■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).

   ■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.

   ■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.

   ■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.

   ■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].

   ■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.

   ■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.

   ■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.

   ■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.

   ■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,

   ■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

   ■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).

   ■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.

   ■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Stock, Maria José. Os Partidos do Poder: Dez Anos Depois do " 25 De Abril." Evora, 1986.

   ■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.

   ■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.

   ■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.

   ■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.

   ■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.

   ■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA

   ■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.

   ■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.

   ■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.

   ■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.

   ■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.

   ■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.

   ■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.

   ■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.

   ■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.

   ■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.

   ■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY

   ■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).

   ■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da

   ■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.

   ■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

   ■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.

   ■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.

   ■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.

   ■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.

   ■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.

   ■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:

   ■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.

   ■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS

   ■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.

   ■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.

   ■. The Journal of William Beckford in Portugal and Spain 1787-1788.

   ■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.

   ■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.

   ■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.

   ■ Chaves, Castelo Branco. Os livros de viagens em Portugal no século XVIII e a sua projecção europeia. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Costigan, Arthur William. Sketches of Society and Manners in Portugal. London: T. Vernon, 1787.

   ■ Crawfurd, Oswald. Portugal Old and New. London: Kegan, Paul, 1880.

   ■. Round the Calendar in Portugal. London: Chapman & Hall, 1890.

   ■ Darymple, William. Travels through Spain and Portugal in 1774. London: J. Almon, 1777.

   ■ Dumouriez, Charles Francois Duperrier. An Account of Portugal as It Appeared in 1766. London: C. Law, 1797.

   ■ Fielding, Henry. Jonathan Wild and the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. London: J. M. Dent, 1932.

   ■ Fullerton, Alice. To Portugal for Pleasure. London: Grafton, 1945.

   ■ Gibbons, John. I Gathered No Moss. London: Robert Hale, 1939.

   ■ Gordon, Jan, and Cora Gordon. Portuguese Somersault. London: Harrap, 1934.

   ■ Hewitt, Richard. A Cottage in Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

   ■ Huggett, Frank. South of Lisbon: Winter Travels in Southern Portugal. London: Gollancz, 1960.

   ■ Hume, Martin. Through Portugal. London: Richards, 1907.

   ■ Hyland, Paul. Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage into Portugal. Hammersmith, U.K.: HarperCollins, 1996.

   ■ Jackson, Catherine Charlotte, Lady. Fair Lusitania. London: Bentley, 1874.

   ■ Kelly, Marie Node. This Delicious Land Portugal. London: Hutchinson, 1956.

   ■ Kempner, Mary Jean. Invitation to Portugal. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.

   ■ Kingston, William H. G. Lusitanian Sketches of the Pen and Pencil. 2 vol. London: Parker, 1845.

   ■ Landmann, George. Historical, Military and Picturesque Observations on Portugal. 2 vol. London: Cadell and Davies, 1818.

   ■ Latouche, John [Pseudonym of Oswald Crawfurd]. Travels in Portugal. London: Ward, Lock & Taylor, ca. 1874.

   ■ Link, Henry Frederick. Travels in Portugal and France and Spain. London: Longman & Rees, 1801.

   ■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.

   ■. They Went to Portugal, Too. Manchester: Carcanet Books, 1990.

   ■ Merle, Iris. Portuguese Panorama. London: Ouzel, 1958.

   ■ Murphy, J. C. Travels in Portugal. London: 1795.

   ■ Proper, Datus C. The Last Old Place: A Search through Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.

   ■ Quillinan, Dorothy [Wordsworth]. Journal of a Few Months in Portugal with Glimpses of the South of Spain. 2 vol. London: Moxon, 1847. Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1954. Smith, Karine R. Until Tomorrow: Azores and Portugal. Snohomish, Wash.: Snohomish Publishing, 1978. Southey, Robert. Journals of a Residence in Portugal, 1800-1801 and a Visit to France, 1838. London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1912. Thomas, Gordon Kent. Lord Byron's Iberian Pilgrimage. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983. Twiss, Richard. Travels through Portugal and Spain in 1772-1773. London, 1775.

   ■ Watson, Gilbert. Sunshine and Sentiment in Portugal. London: Arnold, 1904. Wheeler, Douglas L. "A[n American] Fulbrighter in Lisbon, Portugal, 196162." Portuguese Studies Review 1 (1991): 9-16.

   ■ PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY, DISCOVERIES, AND NAVIGATION

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Curso de História de Naútica. Coimbra, 1972.

   ■. Introdução a história dos descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon: Alfa, 1983.

   ■. Navegadores, viajantes e adventureiros portugueses: Séculos XV e XVI. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Portuguese Books on Nautical Science from Pedro Nunes to 1650. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. Boxer, C. R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.

   ■ Brazão, Eduardo. La découverte de Terre-Neuve. Montreal: Les Presses de l'Université, 1964.

   ■. "Les Corte-Real et le Nouveau Monde." Revue d'histoire d'Amérique Française 19, 1 (1965): 335-49. Cortesão, Armando, and Avelino Teixeira de Mota. Cartografia Portuguesa Antiga. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. Portugalia Monumenta Cartográfica, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.

   ■. História da Cartografia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1969-70.

   ■ Cortesão, Jaime. L'expansion des portugais dans l'historie de la civilisation. Brussels, 1930.

   ■. Os descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. V. Magalhães Godinho and Joel Serrão, eds. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. A expansão dos Portugueses no período henriquinho. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■. Descobrimentos precolombanos dos portugueses. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Costa, Abel Fontoura da. A Marinharia dos Descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Costa Brochado, Idalino F. Descobrimento do Atlântico. Lisbon, 1958. English ed., 1959-60.

   ■ Coutinho, Admiral Gago. A naútica dos descobrimentos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1951-52.

   ■ Crone, G. R. Maps and Their Makers. New York: Capricorn Books, 1966.

   ■ Dias, José S. da Silva. Os descobrimentos e a problemática cultural do Século XVI, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Disney, Anthony, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães, ed. Documentos sobre a expansão portuguesa [ to 1460], 3 vols. Lisbon, 1945-54.

   ■ Guedes, Max, and Gerald Lombardi, eds. Portugal. Brazil: The Age of Atlantic Discoveries. Lisbon: Bertrand; Milan: Ricci; Brazilian Culture Foundation, 1990. [Catalogue of New York Public Library Exhibit, Summer 1990]

   ■ Harley, J. B., and David Woodward. The History of Cartography. Volume 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient and Medieval Europe and Mediterranean. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.

   ■ Leite, Duarte. História dos Descobrimentos: Colectânea de esparsos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1958-61.

   ■ Ley, Charles. Portuguese Voyages, 1498-1663. London: Dent, 1953.

   ■ Marques, J. Martins da Silva. Descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1944-71.

   ■ Martyn, John R. C., ed. Pedro Nunes ( 1502-1578): His Lost Algebra and Other Discoveries. John R. C. Martyn, trans. New York: Peter Lang, 1996.

   ■ Morison, Samuel Eliot. The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A. D. 500-1600. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■. Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974.

   ■ Mota, Avelino Teixeira da. Mar, Além-Mar-Estudos e Ensaios de História e Geografia. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Vida e Obra do Infante D. Henrique. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Parry, J. H. The Discovery of the Sea. New York: Dial, 1974.

   ■ Penrose, Boies. Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, 1420-1620. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1952.

   ■ Peres, Damião. História dos Descobrimentos Portugueses. Oporto, 1943.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London, 1933; New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. Precision Astrolabe: Portuguese Navigators and Transoceanic Aviation. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Seary, E. R. "The Portuguese Element in the Place Names of Newfoundland." In Luís Albuquerque, ed., Vice-Almirante A. Teixeira da Mota: In Memo-riam. Vol. II, 359-64. Lisbon: Academia da Marinha, 1989.

   ■ Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

   ■ Velho, Alvaro. Roteiro ( Navigator's Route) da Primeira Viagem de Vasco da Gama ( 1497-1499). Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Winius, George, ed. Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval toward the Modern World 1300-ca. 1600. Madison, Wisc.: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.

   ■ PORTUGAL AND HER OVERSEAS EMPIRES (1415-1975)

   ■ Abshire, David M., and Michael A. Samuels, eds. Portuguese Africa: A Handbook. New York: Praeger, 1969.

   ■ Afonso, Aniceto, and Carlos de Matos Gomes. Guerra Colonial. Lisbon: Noticias, 2001.

   ■ Albuquerque, J. Moushino de. Moçambique. Lisbon, 1898.

   ■ Alden, Dauril. The Making of an Enterprise: The Society of Jesus in Portugal, Its Empire & Beyond. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1995.

   ■ Alexandre, Valentim. Orígens do Colonialismo Português Moderno ( 18221891). Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1979.

   ■. Velho Brasil, Novas Africas: Portugal e o Império ( 1808-1975). Oporto: Afrontamento, 2000.

   ■, and Jill Dias, eds. "O Império Africano 1825-1890. Volume X." In J.

   ■ Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds., Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1998.

   ■ Ames, Glen J. "The Carreira da India, 1668-1682: Maritime Enterprise and the Quest for Stability in Portugal's Asian Empire." Journal of European Economic History 20, 1 (1991): 7-28.

   ■. Renascent Empire? The House of Braganza and the Quest for Stability in Portuguese Monsoon Asia, ca. 1640-1683. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Univ.Press, 2000.

   ■. Vasco da Gama. Renaissance Crusader. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2005.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. O Império com Pés de Barro: Colonizaçao e Descolonização: As Ideologias em Portugal. Lisbon: D. Quixote, 1980.

   ■. O Factor Africano 1890-1990. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1990.

   ■. A Guerra De Africa 1961-1974, 2 vols. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995-96.

   ■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto 1919-1982. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.

   ■ Axelson, Eric A. South-East Africa, 1488-1530. London: Longmans, 1940.

   ■. "Prince Henry and the Discovery of the Sea Route to India." Geographical Journal (U.K.) 127, 2 (June 1961): 145-58.

   ■. Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, 1875-1891. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1967.

   ■. Portuguese in South-East Africa, 1488-1699. Cape Town: Struik, 1973.

   ■. Congo to Cape: Early Portuguese Explorers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

   ■ Azevedo, Mário. Historical Dictionary of Mozambique, 2nd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2003.

   ■ Baião, António, Hernãni Cidade, and Manuel Murias, eds. História da Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 4 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40.

   ■ Bender, Gerald J. "The Limits of Counterinsurgency [in the Angolan War, 1961-72]." Comparative Politics (1972): 331-60.

   ■. Angola under the Portuguese: The Myth Versus Reality. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.

   ■ Bhíla, H. H. K. Trade and Politics in a Shona Kingdom: The Manyika and Their Portuguese and African Neighbours, 1875-1902. Harlow, U.K.: Longman, 1990.

   ■ Birmingham, David. The Portuguese Conquest of Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965.

   ■. Trade and Conflict in Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.

   ■. Frontline Nationalism in Angola & Mozambique. London: James Currey, 1992.

   ■. Portugal and Africa. New York: St. Martins, 1999.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Le Portugal Et Sa Vocation Maritime. Paris: Boccard, 1977. Boxer, C. R. Fidalgos in the Far East— Fact and Fancy in the History of Macau. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1948. ———. The Christian Century in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.

   ■ ———. Salvador de Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602-1688. London, 1952.

   ■ ———. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.

   ■ ———. The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.

   ■ ———. Race Relations in the Portuguese Colonial Empire, 1415-1825. Oxford:

   ■ Clarendon Press, 1963. ———. Portuguese Society in the Tropics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965.

   ■ ———. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchi nson, 1969.

   ■ ———, and Carlos de Azevedo, eds. Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa. London: Hollis and Carter, 1960.

   ■ Broadhead, Susan H. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 2nd ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992.

   ■ Burton, Richard. Goa and the Blue Mountains. London: Bentley, 1851.

   ■ Cabral, Luís. Crónica da Libertação. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Caetano, Marcello. Colonizing Traditions, Principles and Methods of the Portuguese. Lisbon, 1951.

   ■ ———. Portugal E A Internacionalização Dos Problemas Africanos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■ Cann, John P. Counterinsurgency in Africa: The Portuguese Way of War, 1961-1974. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1997. Castelo, Claudia. " O modo portugues de estar no mundo." O luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa ( 1931-1961). Oporto: Afrontamento, 1998. Castro, Armando. O Sistema Colonial Português em Africa ( meados do Século XX). Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Chaliand, Gerard. "The Independence of Guinea-Bissau and the Heritage of [Amilcar] Cabral." In Revolution in the Third World. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1978.

   ■ Chilcote, Ronald H. Portuguese Africa. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.

   ■ Clarence-Smith, Gervase. Slaves, Peasants and Capitalists in Southern Angola 1840-1926. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

   ■ ———. The Third Portuguese Empire 1825-1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1985.

   ■ Coates, Timothy J. Convicts and Orphans: Forced and State-Sponsored Colonizers in the Portuguese Empire, 1550-1720. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Davies, Shann. Macau. Singapore: Times Editions, 1986.

   ■ Dias, C. Malheiro, ed. História da colonização portuguesa no Brasil, 3 vols. Oporto, 1921-24.

   ■ Diffie, Bailey W., and George Winius. Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1977.

   ■ Disney, Anthony R. Twilight of the Pepper Empire: Portuguese Trade in Southwest India in the Early Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978.

   ■ ———, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Duffy, James. Shipwreck and Empire: Being an Account of Portuguese Maritime Disaster in a Century of Decline. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1955.

   ■ ———. Portuguese Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959. ———. Portugal in Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962.

   ■. "The Portuguese Territories." In Colin Legum, ed., Africa: A Handbook to the Continent. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1967. ———. A Question of Slavery. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967. Felgas, Hélio. História do Congo Português. Carmona, Angola, 1958. ———. Guerra em Angola. Lisbon, 1961.

   ■ Galvão, Henrique, and Carlos Selvagam. O Império Ultramarino Português, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■ Gleijeses, Piero. Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington and Africa, 19591976. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. "Portugal and Her Empire." In The New Cambridge Modern History. Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1963): 509-TO.

   ■ Grenfell, F. James. História da Igreja Baptista em Angola, 1879-1975. Queluz, Portugal: Núcleo, 1998.

   ■ Hammond, Richard J. "Economic Imperialism: Sidelights on a Stereotype." Journal of Economic History XXI, 4 (1961): 582-98.

   ■ ———. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.

   ■ Hanson, Carl. Portugal and the Wider World 1147-1497. New Orleans, La.: University Press of the South, 2001.

   ■ Harris, Marvin. Portugal's African Wards. New York: American Committee on Africa, 1957.

   ■ ———. "Portugal's Contribution to the Underdevelopment of Africa and Brazil." In Ronald H. Chilcote, ed., Protest & Resistance in Angola & Brazil: Comparative Studies, 209-23. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972.

   ■ Henderson, Lawrence W. Angola: Five Centuries of Conflict. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1979. ———. A Igreja Em Angola. Lisbon: Edit. Além-Mar, 1990. Heywood, Linda. Contested Power in Angola 1840s to the Present. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, 2000.

   ■ Hilton, Anne. The Kingdom of Kongo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.

   ■ Hower, Alfred, and Richard Preto-Rodas, eds. Empire in Transition: The Portuguese World in the Time of Camões. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1985.

   ■ Isaacman, Allen. "The Prazos da Coroa 1752-1830: A Functional Analysis of the Political System." STUDIA (Lisbon) 26 (1969): 149-78.

   ■. Mozambique: The Africanization of a European Institution: The Zambezi Prazos, 1750-1902. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1972.

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   ■ Oliveira, Pedro Aires. Os Despojos Da Alianca. A Gra-Bretanha e a questao colonial portuguesa 1945-1975. Lisbon: Tinta-da-China, 2007. Ortigão, Ramalho. John Bull. Lisbon, 1887.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Diplomatic Relations of Portugal with France, England and Holland from 1646 to 1668. Watford, U.K.: Voss & Michael, 1925.

   ■. Chapters in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. London: Voss & Michael, 1935.

   ■ Russell, Peter E. The English Intervention in Spain and Portugal in the Time of Edward III and Richard II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955. Sarmento, J. E. Morães. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and Coast Defense. London, 1908.

   ■ Serrão, Joel. "O Ultimatum (January 1890)." Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. IV (1971): 219-24.

   ■ Shafaat, Ahmed Khan, ed. Anglo-Portuguese Negotiations Relating to Bombay, 1660-1667. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922.

   ■ Sideri, Sandro. Trade and Power: Informal Colonialism in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1970.

   ■ Sousa, Carlos Hermenegildo de. A Aliança Anglo-Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1943.

   ■ Stone, Glyn A. "The Official British Attitude to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 1910-45." Journal of Contemporary History (London) 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 729-46.

   ■. The Oldest Ally: Britain and the Portuguese Connection, 1936-1941. Woodbridge, U.K.: Royal Historical Society and Boydell Press, 1994. Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. O Ultimatum Inglês: Política Externa no Portugal do 1890. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Teles, Basilio. Do Ultimatum ao 30 de Janeiro. Oporto, 1905.

   ■ Vicente, António Pedro. "Um testemunho de 1796 sobre a Situação de Portugal face ao domínio inglês." In Arquivos do Centro Cultural Portugües, IV. Paris, 1972.

   ■ Vieira de Castro, Luís. D. Carlos I. ( Elementos de História Diplomática), 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1941.

   ■ Vincent-Smith, John. "Britain, Portugal and the First World War." European Studies Review 4, 3 (1974).

   ■. "The Portuguese Economy and the Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty of 1916." Iberian Studies (Keele, U.K.) III, 2 (Autumn 1974): 49-54.

   ■. As Relações Políticas Luso-Britânicas 1910-1916. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. "The Portuguese Republic and Britain, 1910-14." Journal of Contemporary History 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 707-27.

   ■ Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: A Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. Viriato [Pseud]. A Aliança lnglesa. Lisbon, 1914.

   ■ Walford, A. R. The British Factory in Lisbon and Its Closing Stages Ensuring upon the Treaty of 1810. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese in Angola, 1836-1891: A Study in Expansion and Administration." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 1963.

   ■. "19th Century: Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and the Scramble for Africa." In BBC, 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 40-43. London: BBC, 1973.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, Wisc.) 34, 1, 2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27; 97-111.

   ■ Wordsworth, William. William Wordsworth's Convention of Cintra: A Facsimile of the 1809 Tract [Introduction by Gordon Kent Thomas]. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983.

   ■ Young, George. Portugal Old and Young. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1917.

   ■ ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, RURAL AND URBAN SOCIETY

   ■ Almeida, Miguel Vale de. The Hegemonic Male: Masculinity in a Portuguese Town. Oxford: Berghan, 1996.

   ■ Black, Richard. Crisis and Change in Rural Europe: Agricultural Development in the Portuguese Mountains. Aldershot, U.K.: Avebury and Ashgate, 1992.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■. "The Absence of Men." Natural History 96, 2 (Feb. 1987): 52-61.

   ■. "The Portuguese." In Encyclopedia of World Cultures. New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files, 1990.

   ■. "The Priest and His People: The Contractual Basis for Religious Practice in Rural Portugal." In Ellen Badone, ed., Religious Orthodoxy and Popular Faith in European Society, 55-75. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.

   ■ Brogger, Jan. Pre-bureaucratic Europeans: A Study of a Portuguese Fishing Community. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. "Portuguese Perspectives." Sociologia Ruralis [Journal of European Rural Sociology] XXIV, 1 (1986); number devoted to rural Portugal today. Chaney, Rick. Regional Emigration and Remittances in Developing Countries: The Portuguese Experience. New York: Praeger, 1986. Cole, Sally. Women of the Praia: Work and Lives in a Portuguese Colonial Community. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. Cutileiro, José. A Portuguese Rural Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■ Deschamps, Paul. Portugal: La Vie Sociale Actuelle. Paris, 1935.

   ■. Histoire Sociale du Portugal. Paris, 1959.

   ■ Dias, Jorge. Rio do Onor-comunitarismo agropastoral. Oporto, 1953.

   ■. Ensaios Etnológicos. Lisbon, 1961.

   ■. The Portuguese Contribution to Cultural Anthropology. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1964.

   ■. Vilarinho Da Furna: Uma Aldeia Comunitária. Rev. ed. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Downs, Charles. Os Moradores à Conquista da Cidade. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■. "Community Organization, Political Change and Urban Policy: Portugal. 1974-1976." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology. University of California, 1980.

   ■. "Residents' Commissions and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Dracklé, Dorlé. Macht und Ohnmacht: Der Kampf num die Agarreform im Alentejo ( Portugal). Gottingen, Germany: Edit. Re, 1991.

   ■ Espírito Santo, Moise. Communidade Rural ao Norte do Tejo. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Feijó, Rui, H. Martins, and João de Pina Cabral, eds. Death in Portugal. Oxford: Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford, 1983.

   ■ Feijó, Rui Graça. "State, Nation and Regional Diversity in Portugal: An Overview." In Richard Herr and John H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity: Essays on the Nature of Identity in Portugal and Spain, 37-47. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1989.

   ■ Feio, Mariano. Les Bas Alentejo et l'Algarve. Lisbon, 1949.

   ■ Ferreira de Almeida, João. Classes sociais nos campos. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Fonseca, Ramiro da. O Livro da Saúde e da Doença. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. Portugal: A Book of Folk-Ways. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1936. Reprinted, 1961.

   ■ Hoefgen, Lynn. "The Integration of Returnees from the Colonies into Portugal's Social and Economic Life." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, 1985.

   ■ Ingerson, Alice Elizabeth. "Corporatism and Class Consciousness in Northwestern Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. Johns Hopkins University, 1984.

   ■ Jenkins, Robin. The Road to Alto. London: Pluto Press, 1979.

   ■ Lawrence, Denise. "Menstrual Politics: Women and Pigs in Rural Portugal." In T. Buckley and A. Gottlieb, eds., Blood Magic: The Anthropology of Menstruation, 117-36. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.

   ■. "Suburbanization of House Form and Gender Relations in a Rural Portuguese Agro-Town." Architecture and Behavior 4, 3 (1988): 197-212.

   ■ Martins, Hermínio. "Portugal." In Margaret S. Archer and Salvador Giner, eds., Contemporary Europe: Class, Status and Power. New York: St. Martins, 1971.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Identificação de um país. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Merten, Peter. Anarchismüs und Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libera-tare Association, 1981.

   ■ Monteiro, Paulo. Terra que ja foi terra: Análise Sociológica de nove lugares agro-pastorais da Serra da Lousã. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Nataf, Daniel. "Social Cleavages and Regime Formation in Contemporary Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, UCLA, 1987.

   ■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal: Ensaio Exploratório." Economia e Socialismo 23 (1977): 31-50.

   ■ O'Neill, Brian Juan. "Dying and Inheriting in Rural Tras-os-Montes." Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford 14 (1983): 44-74.

   ■. Social Inequality in a Portuguese Hamlet: Land, Late Marriage, and Inheritance, 1870-1978. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

   ■ Pacheco, Helder. Tradições Populares de Portugal. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Pardoe, Julia. Traits and Traditions of Portugal, 2 vols. London, 1832.

   ■ Pereira Neto, João Baptista. "Social Evolution in Portugal since 1945." In Raymond S. Sayers, ed., Portugal and Brazil in Transition, 212-27. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968.

   ■ Pina-Cabral, João de. Sons of Adam, Daughters of Eve: The Peasant World-View of the Alto Minho. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.

   ■. "Sociocultural Differentiation and Regional Identity in Portugal." In

   ■ R. Herr and J. H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity, 3-18. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1989.

   ■ Poinard, Michel. La Retour des Traveilleurs Portugais. Paris: La Documentation Francaise, 1979.

   ■ Reed, Robert Roy. "Managing the Revolution: Revolutionary Promise and Political Reality in Rural Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 1988.

   ■ Riegelhaupt, Joyce F. "In the Shadow of the City: Integration of a Portuguese Village" [São João das Lampas, nr, Cascais]. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, 1964.

   ■. "Saloio Women: An Analysis of Informal and Formal Political and Economic Roles of Portuguese Peasant Women." Anthropological Quarterly 40, 3 (July 1967): 109-26.

   ■. "Festas and Padres: The Organization of Religious Action in a Portuguese Parish." American Anthropologist 75 (1973): 835-52.

   ■. "Peasants and Politics in Salazar's Portugal: The Corporate State and Village 'Nonpolitics'" In L. S. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 167-90. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Julieta E. S. de Almeida. "Continuity and Change in Urban Portuguese Women's Roles: Emerging New Household Structures." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Columbia University, 1979.

   ■ Rowland, Robert. "Demographic Patterns and Rural Society in Portugal." So-ciologica Ruralis 26, 1 (1986): 36-47.

   ■ Sanchis, Pierre. Arraial. La Fête d'un Peuple: Les Pélerinages Populaires au Portugal. Paris, 1976.

   ■ Siegel, Bernard J. "Social Structure and Medical Practitioners in Rural Brazil and Portugal." Sociologia (São Paulo) 20, 4 (Oct. 1958): 463-76.

   ■. "Conflict, Parochialism and Social Differentiation in Portuguese Society." Journal of Conflict Resolution V, 1 (March 1961): 35-12.

   ■ Smith, T. Lynn. "The Social Relationships of Man to the Land in Portugal." Sociologia 25, 1 (Dec. 1963): 319-43.

   ■ Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Estado e sociedade na semiperíferia do sistema mundiale: O caso português." Análise Social 87-89 (1985): 869-902.

   ■. "Social Crisis and the State." In Kenneth Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation, 167-95. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Vasconcellos, Joaquim Leite de. Ethnograia Portuguesa, 8 vols. Lisbon, 1941-82.

   ■. Tradições Populares Portugueses. New ed. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Willems, Emilio. "On Portuguese Family Structure." International Journal of Comparative Society (Dharwar, India) 3, 1 (Sept. 1962): 65-79.

   ■ ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, URBAN PLANNING, MUSIC

   ■ Almeida, Rodrigo Vicente de. História da Arte em Portugal: ( Segundo Estudo) Documentos lnéditos. Oporto, 1883. Almeida D'Eca, Admiral Vicente M. Castles of Portugal. Lisbon, 1925. Amaral, Francisco K. Lisboa: Uma Cidade em Transformação. Lisbon, 1969. Azevedo, Carlos de, and Chester Brummel. Churches of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1985.

   ■ Barreira, João, ed. Arte Portuguesa: As Decorativas, 2 vols. Lisbon, n.d.

   ■ Barretto, Mascarenhas, and George Dykes. Fado: Lyrical Origins and Poetical Motivation. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. London: Scala, 1987.

   ■ Branco, Luís de Freitas. A Música em Portugal. Lisbon, 1930.

   ■ Brito, Manuel Carlos de. Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

   ■ Carvalho, Pinto de. História de Fado. Lisbon, 1903 and 1982 eds.

   ■ Castro d'Aire, Teresa. O Fado. Lisbon: Temas da Actualidade, 1996.

   ■ Chicó, Mário Tavares. A Architectura Gótica em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. A Arte em Portugal No Século XIX. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■. Lisboa Pombalina e o Illuminismo, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. A Reconstrucão e a Arquitectura Pombalina. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. "The Fado (The Portuguese Song of Fate)." Musical Quarterly XIX (1933): 199-213.

   ■. Eight Portuguese Folksongs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.

   ■ Gil, Júlio. The Finest Churches in Portugal. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. The Finest Castles in Portugal, 3rd ed. George F. W. Dykes, trans. Lisbon, 1996.

   ■ Gonçalves, Rui Mário. Pintura e escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura, 1984.

   ■. 100 Pintores Portugueses do século XX. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■ Kubler, George. Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.

   ■. Studies in Ancient American and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985.

   ■, and Martin Soria. Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1959.

   ■ Lacerda, Aarão de. História da Arte em Portugal, 2 vols. Oporto, 1942-48.

   ■ Leão, Joaquim de Sousa. "Decorative Art: The Azulejo." In H. V. Livermore, ed. Portugal and Brazil: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.

   ■ Lopes Graça, Fernando. A canção popular portuguesa. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■. A música portuguesa e os sus problemas: Ensaios. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Moita, Luís. O fado: canção de vencidos. Lisbon, 1936.

   ■ Neves, José Cassiano. The Palace and Gardens of Fronteira: Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Portuguese Style. Lisbon: Quetzal and Scala, 1995. North, C.T. Guia dos castelos antigos de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: Bertrand Ed., 2002.

   ■ Pacheco, Jose. Stuart Carvalhais. O desenho grafico e a imprensa. Lisbon: Biblioteca do Empresario, 2000. Pereira, Paulo, ed. Arte portuguesa. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995. Picchio, Luciana Stegagno. Storia del Teatro Portoghese. Rome: Edizinio deli' Ateneo, 1964.

   ■ Queirós, José. Cerâmica Portuguesa, 2 vols. 2nd rev. ed. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Santos, Luís Reis. Monuments of Portugal. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1948-50.

   ■. História da Arte em Portugal. Oporto, 1953.

   ■ Sasportes, José. História da Dança em Portugal. Lisbon, 1970. Simões, J. M. dos Santos. "Azulejos in a Land of Many Colours." Connoisseur (London) CXXXVII, 551 (1956): 15-21.

   ■. Azulejaria em Portugal no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. A Talha em Portugal. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. The Art of Portugal, 1500-1800. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.

   ■. "The Building of Mafra." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 360-67.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Demeures portugaises dans les environs de Lisbonne. Paris: Weber, 1986.

   ■. Palais et manoirs: Le Minho. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995.

   ■ Tannock, Michael. Portuguese 20th Century Artists: A Biographical Dictionary. Chichester, U.K.: Phillimore, 1978.

   ■ Taylor, René. "The Architecture of Port Wine." The Architectural Review CXXIX, 772 (1961): 368-99.

   ■ Terol, Marylene. Azulejos a Lisbonne. Paris: Hervas, 1992.

   ■ Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Instrumentos musicais populares portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Watson, Walter Crum. Portuguese Architecture. London: Constable, 1908. Wohl, Hellmut. "Carlos Mardel and His Lisbon Architecture." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 350-59.

   ■ Sculpture and Ceramics

   ■ Andrade, Sergio de. "Presepios." In Dicionario de Arte Barroca em Portugal. Lisbon: Presenca, 1989. Barreira, Joao. Arte Portuguesa, Arquitectura e Escultura. Lisbon: Excelsior, n.d.

   ■ Cardoso, Arnaldo Pinto. O Presepio Barroco Portugues. Lisbon: Bertrand, 2003.

   ■ Chaves, Luis. Os Barristas Portugueses. Coimbra, 1925.

   ■. Natal Portugues. Oporto: Liv. Classica Editora, 1942.

   ■ Gargano, Pietro. Il Presepio. Otto Secoli di Storia, Arte, Tradizione. Milan: Fenice, 1995.

   ■ Lima, Henrique de Campos F. Joaquim Machado de Castro, Escultor Conimbricense. Coimbra: Instituto de Historia de Arte, 1989. Macedo, Diogo de. Presepios Portugueses. Lisbon: Artis, 1951.

   ■. Machado de Castro. Lisbon: Artis, 1958.

   ■ Morais, Heitor. Natal do Meu Coracao. Braga: Ed. A.O., 1991.

   ■ Pais, Alexandre Nobre. Presepios Portugueses Monumentos do Seculo XVIII em Terracotta, 2 vols. Master's thesis in history of art, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Queiros, Jose. Ceramica Portuguesa. Lisbon: Presenca, 1998. Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1951. Serrao, Vitor. Historia da Arte em Portugal IV-O Barroco. Lisbon: Presenca, 2003.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. The Art Of Portugal 1500-1800. New York: Meredith Press, 1968.

   ■ Sousa, Ernesto de. Presepios. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1998.

   ■ Cinema

   ■ Antunes, Joao and Jose de Matos-Cruz, Cinema Portugues 1896-1998. Lisbon: Lusomundo, 1997.

   ■ Bandeira, Jose Gomes. Porto: 100 anos de cinema portugues. Oporto: Camara Municipal do Porto, 1996. Duarte, Fernando. Primitivos do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Cinecultura, 1960.

   ■ Faria de Almeida, M., Resumo da Historia do Cinema. Lisbon: RTP, 1982. Nobre, Roberto. Singularidades do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Portugalia, n.d.

   ■ Pina, Luis de. Aventura do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Vega, 1977.

   ■. Documentarismo Portugues. Lisbon: IPC, 1977.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Historia do Cinema Portugues. Mem Martins: Europa-America, 1986.

   ■ Ribeiro, Felix. O Cinema Portugues antes do Sonoro. Esboco Historiconema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: n.d.

   ■ Children's Literature

   ■ Andresen, Sofia de Melo Breyner. A Fada Oriana. 9th ed. Lisbon: Figueiri-nhas, 1985.

   ■ Araújo, Matilde Rosa. A estrada fascinante. Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1988. Barreto, Garcia. Literatura Para Crianças E Jovens Em Portugal. Oporto:

   ■ Campo Das Letras, 1998. Bastos, Glória. A escrita para crianças em Portugal no seculo XIX. Lisbon:

   ■ Caminho da Educaçao, 1997. Cadet, Maria Rita Chiappe. Os Contos da Mamã. Lisbon: Lallement Freres, 1883.

   ■ Castro, Fernanda. Mariazinha em Africa, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1947. Cross, Esther, and Wilbur Cross. Portugal. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986. DeSkalon, Anna, and Christa Stadtler. We Live in Portugal. New York: Watts, 1987.

   ■ Gomes, Alice. A Nau Catrineta, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1973.

   ■. A literatura para a infância. Lisbon: Torres & Abreu, 1979.

   ■ Letria, José Jorge. Do sentimento mágico da vida. Lisbon: Escritor, 1994. Müller, Adolfo Simões. Historiazinha de Portugal, 6th ed. Oporto: Tavares Martins, 1983.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. Para as crianças. Illustr. by Leal da Câmara. Setúbal: Liv. Crianças, 1908.

   ■ Pires, Maria Laura Bettencourt. História da literatura infantil portuguesa. Lisbon: Vega, 1981. Ribeiro, Aquilino. Arca de Noé-III Classe. Lisbon, 1989. Rocha, Natércia. Breve História da Literatura para Crianças em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, 1984.

   ■. Bibliografia geral da literatura portuguesa para crianças. Lisbon: Edit. Comunicação, 1987.

   ■ Sá, Domingos Guimarães de. A literatura infantil em Portugal. Braga: Edit. Franciscana, 1981.

   ■ Selfridge. John. Portugal. New York: Chelsea House, 1990. Vaz de Carvalho, Maria Amália. Contos para os Nossos Filhos, 11th ed. Oporto: Barreira, 1947.

   ■ Viana, António Manuel Couto. Jõao de Deus e um século de literatura infantil em Portugal. Lisbon: Ed. do Templo, 1978.

   ■ Lisbon, Capital City, in History and Literature

   ■ Castelo-Branco, Fernando. Lisboa Seiscentista, 3rd ed. Lisbon: 1969.

   ■ Castilho, Júlio de. Lisboa Antiga, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1935-45.

   ■ Couto, Dejanirah. Histoire de Lisbonne. Paris: Fayard, 2000.

   ■ Crespo, Ángel. Lisboa Mítica e Literária. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1987.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Lisboa Desaparecida. Lisbon: Quimera, 1990.

   ■ Dionísio, Sant'anna, ed. Guia de Portugal. Vol. I: Lisboa e Arredores. Lisbon: Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1924, orig. ed; reprint, Gulbenkian Foundation, 1979.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Moita, Irisalva, ed. O Livro de Lisboa. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1994.

   ■ Neves, Orlando. Lisboa em Crónica. Lisbon: Author's Ed., 1968.

   ■ Pavão, Luís, and Mário Pereira. Tabernas de Lisboa. Lisbon: Assírio & Alvim, 1981.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Lisboa. O que o turista deve ver: What the Tourist Should See. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1997.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. À Capital. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1960.

   ■ Santos, Piedade Braga, et al. Lisboa Setecentista vista por Estrangeiros. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1996.

   ■ Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa. Lisbon: Caminho, 1993.

   ■ Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■ The Inquisition in History

   ■ Azevedo, João Lúcio. Historia das Cristãos-Novos. Lisbon: Liv. Clássica, 1975.

   ■ Baião, António. A Inquisição em Portugal e no Brasil: Subsídios para a sua história. Lisbon: Arquivo Histórico Portugues, 1906. Bethencourt, Francisco. "Portugal: A Scrupulous Inquisition," In Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, eds., Early Modern Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries, 403-22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

   ■. "Os equilíbrios sociais do Poder." In José Mattoso, ed., Historia De Portugal, Vol. 3, No Alvorecer Da Modernidade ( 1480-1620). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■. História das Inquisições: Portugal, Espanha e Itália. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1994.

   ■ Braga, Maria Luísa. A Inquisição em Portugal na primeira metade do Séc. XVIII. Lisbon: Inst. Nacional de Investigação Científica, 1992.

   ■ Haliczer, Stephen, ed. Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1987.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1968.

   ■ Magalhães, Joaquim Romero. "Em Busca dos Tempos da Inquisição (15731615)." Revista de História das Ideias 9 (1987): 191-228.

   ■ Mea, Elvira Cunha Azevedo. A Inquisição de Coimbra no Século XVI. Oporto, 1989.

   ■ Mendonça, José Lourenço D. de, and António Joaquim Moreira. História da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1980.

   ■ Novinsky, Anita, and Luísa M. Carneiro, eds. Inquisição: Ensaios sobre Mentalidade, Heresias e Arte. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura, 1992.

   ■ Pereira, Isais da Rosa. Documentos para a história da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Rego, Yvonne Cunha, ed. Feiticeiros, Profetas e Visionários: Textos Antigos Portugueses. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional e Casa da Moeda, 1981.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. Inquisição e cristãos-novos. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■ Walker, Timothy Dale. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Literature in English Translation: Selection

   ■ Alcaforado, Mariana. The Letters of a Portuguese Nun ( Mariana Alcaforado). Edgar Prestage, trans. London: D. Nutt, 1893.

   ■ Andrade, Eugénio de. "White on White." Alexis Levitin, trans. Quarterly Review of Literature. Poetry Series VIII. Vol. 27. Princeton, N.J., 1987.

   ■. Another Name for Earth; O outro nome da terra. Alexis Levitin, trans. Ft. Bragg, Calif.: QED Press, 1997.

   ■ Andresen, Sophia de Mello Breyner. Marine Rose: Selected Poems. Ruth Fain-light, trans. Redding Ridge, Conn.: Swan Books, 1989.

   ■ Antunes, António Lobo. South of Nowhere. Elizabeth Lowe, trans. New York: Random House, 1983.

   ■. Fado Alexandrino. Gregory Rabassa, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.

   ■. An Explanation of the Birds. Richard Zenith, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.

   ■. Act of the Damned. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

   ■. The Natural Order of Things. New York: Grove Press, 2000.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. Poems from the Portuguese ( with the Portuguese text). A.

   ■ Bell, trans. Oxford: Blackwell, 1913.

   ■ Camões, Luís de. The Lusiads of Luís de Camões. Leonard Bacon, trans. New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1950.

   ■. The Lusiads. William C. Atkinson, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1952.

   ■. The Lusiads. Landeg White, trans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

   ■ Castelo Branco, Camilo. Doomed Love ( A Family Memoir). Alice R. Clemente, trans Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1995. Castro, José Maria Ferreira de. Emigrants. Dorothy Ball, trans. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

   ■. Jungle. Charles Duff, trans. New York: Viking, 1935.

   ■. The Mission. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1963.

   ■ Dantas, Júlio. The Cardinals' Collation, 48th ed. A. Saintsbury, trans. London, 1962.

   ■ Dias de Melo. Dark Stones. Gregory McNab, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1996.

   ■ Dinis, Júlio. The Fidalgos of Casa Mourisca. Rosanna Dabney, trans. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1891.

   ■ Garrett, Almeida. Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.

   ■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.

   ■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.

   ■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.

   ■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.

   ■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. The Travels of Mendes Pinto [Orig. title: Peregrinação].

   ■ Rebecca D. Catz, trans., with introduction and notes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Miguéis, José Rodrigues. A Man Smiles at Death with Half a Face. George

   ■ Monteiro, trans. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.

   ■. Happy Easter. John Byrne, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■. Steerage and Ten Other Stories. George Monteiro, ed. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1998. Monteiro, Luís De Sttau. The Rules of the Game. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1965.

   ■ Mourão-Ferreira, David. Lucky in Love. Christine Robinson, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1999. Namora, Fernando. Field of Fate. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1970.

   ■. Mountain Doctor. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1956.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Inclement Weather over the Channel. Francisco Cota Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1993.

   ■. Stormy Isles: An Azorean Tale. Francisco C. Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000.

   ■ Paço D'Arcos, Joaquim. Memoirs of a Banknote. Robert Lyle, trans. London, 1968.

   ■ Pedroso, Consiglieri, comp. Portuguese Folk-Tales. Henriqueta Monteiro, trans. Reprint of orig. 1882 ed. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1969.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Fernando Pessoa: Sixty Portuguese Poems. F. E. G. Quintanilha, ed. and trans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1971.

   ■. Selected Poems: Fernando Pessoa. 2nd rev. ed. Jonathan Griffin, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1982.

   ■. The Book of Disquiet. Alfred MacAdams, trans. New York: Pantheon, 1991.

   ■. Fernando Pessoa: Selected Poems. Peter Rickard, ed. and trans. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1991.

   ■. "The Mariner: A 'Static Drama' in One Act." In Translation: Portugal.

   ■ George Ritchie, et al., trans. The Journal of Literary Translation. Vol. XXV, 38-56. New York: Translation Center, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■. Message: Bilingual Edition. Jonathan Griffin, trans. London: Menard Press and King's College, 1992.

   ■ Pires, José Cardoso. Ballad of a Dog's Beach. Mary Fitton, trans. London: J. M. Dent, 1986.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. Cousin Bazilio. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1953.

   ■. The Relic. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1954.

   ■. The City and the Mountains. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1955.

   ■. The Sin of Father Amaro. Nan Flanagan, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1962.

   ■. The Maias. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1965.

   ■. The Illustrious House of Ramires. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■. Letters from England. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1970.

   ■. To the Capital. John Vetch, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■ Quental, Antero de. Sixty-four Sonnets. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: David Nutt, 1894.

   ■ Redol, Alves. The Man with Seven Names. L. L. Barrett, trans. New York: Knopf, 1964.

   ■ Resende, André de. André deResende's 'Poema Latina'/ 'Latinpoems.' J. C. R. Martyn, ed. and trans. Lewiston N.Y.: Lampeter and Edwin Mellen, 1998. Ribeiro, Aquilino. When the Wolves Howl. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. New York: Macmillan; London: Cape, 1963. Sá Carneiro, Mário de. The Great Shadow ( and Other Stories). Margaret Jull Costa, trans. Sawtry, U.K.: Dedalus, 1996. Santareno, Bernardo. The Promise. Nelson H. Vieira, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1981.

   ■ Saramago, José. Baltasar and Blimunda. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1987.

   ■. The Stone Raft. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The History of the Siege of Lisbon. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996.

   ■. Blindness. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1999.

   ■. Tale of the Unknown Island. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2000.

   ■. All the Names. Margaret Jull Costa, trans. New York: Harcourt, 2000.

   ■. Journey to Portugal. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2001.

   ■ Sena, Jorge de. The Poetry of Jorge de Sena: A Bilingual Selection. Frederick G. Williams et al., trans. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Mudborn Press, 1980.

   ■. By the Rivers of Babylon and Other Stories. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1989.

   ■ Vicente, Gil. Four Plays of Gil Vicente: Edited from the Editio Princeps ( 1562). Aubrey F. G. Bell, ed. and trans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

   ■. Lyrics of Gil Vicente. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Hispanic Notes and Monographs, Portuguese Series 1, 1921.

   ■. The Play of Rubena. Jack E. Tomlins, trans.; Rene P. Garay and José I. Suarez, eds. New York: National Hispanic Foundation for Humanities, 1993.

   ■. The Boat Plays. David Johnston, trans. and adaptation. London: Oberon, 1996.

   ■. Three Discovery Plays. Anthony Lappin, trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1997.

   ■ Vieira, António. Dust Thou Art. Rev. W. Anderson, trans. London, 1882.

   ■ Portuguese and Portuguese-American Cooking: Cuisine

   ■ Anderson, Jean. Food of Portugal. New York: Hearst, 1994. Asselin, E. Donald. A Portuguese-American Cookbook. Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1966.

   ■ Bourne, Ursula. Portuguese Cookery. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1973. Crato, Maria Helena Tavares. Cozinha Portuguesa I, II. Lisbon: Editorial Presença, 1978.

   ■ Dienhart, Miriam, and Anne Emerson, ed. Cooking in Portugal. Cascais: American Women of Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Feibleman, Peter S. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. New York: Time-Life Books; Foods of the World, 1969.

   ■ Koehler, Margaret H. Recipes from the Portuguese of Provincetown. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1973. Manjny, Maite. The Home Book of Portuguese Cookery. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.

   ■ Marques, Susan Lowndes. Good Food from Spain and Portugal. London: Muller, 1956.

   ■ Modesto, Maria de Lourdes. Cozinha Tradicional Portuguesa. Lisbon: Verbo, 1982.

   ■ Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert. The Food of Spain and Portugal. The Complete Iberian Cuisine. New York: Atheneum, 1989. Pinto, Elvira. La Bonne Cuisine Portugaise. Paris: Edicions Garanciere, 1985.

   ■ Robertson, Carol. Portuguese Cooking: The Authentic and Robust Cuisine of Portugal. Berkeley Calif.: North Atlantic, 1993. Schmaeling, Tony. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. Ware, U.K.: Omega, 1983.

   ■ Vieira, Édite. The Taste of Portugal. London: Robinson, 1989.

   ■ Von Treskow, Maria. Zü Gast in Portugal: Eine Kulnarische Reise in Garten Europas. Weingarten: Kunstverlag, 1989. Wright, Carol. Portuguese Food. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■. Self-catering in Portugal: Making the Most of Local Food and Drink. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

   ■ Gardens and Gardening of Portugal and Madeira

   ■ Afonso, Simonetta Luz, and Angela Delaforce. Palace of Queluz— The Gardens. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Araújo, Iluídio Alves de. Arte Paisagista e Arte das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Azeredo, Francisco de. Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas. Barcelos, 1986.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1987.

   ■ Bowe, Patrick, and Nicolas Sapieha. Gardens of Portugal. New York: Scala Books and Harper and Row, 1989.

   ■ Cane, Florence du. The Flowers and Gardens of Madeira. London, 1924.

   ■ Cardoso, Pedro Homem, and Helder Carita. Da Grandeza das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Carita, Helder, and Homem Cardoso. Portuguese Gardens. London: Antique Collector's Club, 1987.

   ■ Costa, António da, and Luís de O. Franquinho. Madeira: Plantas e Floras. Funchal, 1986.

   ■ Nichols, Rose Standish. Spanish and Portuguese Gardens. Boston, 1926.

   ■ Pereira, Arthur D. Sintra and Its Farm Manors. Sintra, 1983.

   ■ Sampaio, Gonçalo. Flora Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1945.

   ■ Underwood, John, and Pat Underwood. Landscapes of Madeira. London, 1980.

   ■ Vieira, Rui. Flowers of Madeira. Funchal, 1973.

   ■ Viterbo, Francisco Marques de Sousa. A Jardinagem em Portugal, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1906-9.

   ■ Education, Science, Health, and Medical History

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Estudos de História, 3 vols. Coimbra, 1973-81.

   ■. Ciência e experiência nos Descobrimentos portugueses. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. Para a História de Ciência em Portugal. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. As Navegaçoes E A Sua Projecção Na Ciência E Na Cultura. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Baião, Antônio. Episódios Dramáticos da Inquisição Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1936-55.

   ■ Cabreira, Antônio. Portugal nos mares e nas ciências. Lisbon, 1929. Carvalho, Rômulo de. A Astronomia em Portugal (séc. xviii). Lisbon, 1985. Fernandes, Barahona. Egas Moniz: Pioneiro de descobrimentos médicos. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Gaitonde, P. D. Portuguese Pioneers in India: Spotlight on Medicine. London: Sangam Books, 1983.

   ■ Hanson, Carl A. "Portuguese Cosmology in the Late Seventeenth Century." In Benjamin F. Taggie and Richard W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 75-85. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State University, 1989.

   ■ Higgins, Michael H., and Charles F. S. de Winton. Survey of Education in Portugal. London, 1942.

   ■ Hirsch, Elizabeth Feist. Damião de Góis: The Life and Thought of a Portuguese Humanist. The Hague, 1967.

   ■ Lemos, Maximiano. Arquivos de História da Medicina Portuguesa. Several vols. Lisbon, 1886-1923. Vol. I. História da Medicina em Portugal. Doutrina e Instituições. Lisbon, 1899.

   ■ Mira, Matias Ferreira de. História da Medicina Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Orta, Garcia de. Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas e Cousas Medicinais da India. Conde de Ficalho, ed., 2 vols. Lisbon, 1891-95.

   ■ Osório, J. Pereira. História e Desenvolvimento da Ciência em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986-89.

   ■ Pina, Luís de. "Uma prioridade portuguesa do século XVI. João de Barros e a Dactiloscópia Oriental." Arquivo da Repartição de Antropologia Criminal IV (1936).

   ■. "As Ciências na História do Império Colonial Português — Séculos XV a XIX." Anais de Faculdade de Ciências do Porto ( 1939-10).

   ■. "Os Portugueses Mestres de Ciência e Metras no Estrangeiro." Actas do Congresso do Mundo Português. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■. "A Ciência em Portugal (bosquejo Histórico)." In Secretariado Nacional da Informação, ed., Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Portugueses Ausentes, 277-301. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Richards, Robert A. C., ed. Guide to World Science: Vol. 9: Spain and Portugal, 2nd ed. Guernsey, U.K.: F. H. Books, 1974.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. História da Cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-62.

   ■ ———. "João de Barros." In Serrao, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal 1 (1963): 307-8.

   ■ Silvestre Ribeiro, José. História dos Establecimentos Scientíficos, Literários e Artísticos de Portugal nos Successivos Reinados da Monarchia, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1871-83.

   ■ Veiga-Pires, J. A., and Ronald G. Grainger, eds. Pioneers in Angiography: The Portuguese School ofAngiography. Lancaster, U.K.: MTP Press, 1982.

   ■ Walker, Timothy. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Feminism and Women's Studies

   ■ Barbosa, Madelena. "Women in Portugal." Women's Studies International Quarterly 4 (1981): 477-80.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. Novas Cartas Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Three Marias. New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman, 1982.

   ■ Ferreira, Virginia. "Engendering Portugal: Social Change, State Politics, and Women's Social Mobilization." In António Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 162-88. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■ Goodwin, Mary. "Portuguese Feminism." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 17 (Spring-Summer 1987): 12-13.

   ■ Lamas, Maria. As Mulheres do Meu País. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ "Mulheres Portuguesas e Feminismo." Análise Social [special number on Portuguese Women and Feminism] 22 (1986): 92-93.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. As Mulheres Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1905.

   ■ Sadlier, Darlene J. The Question of How: Women Writers and New Portuguese Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood; Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 109, 1989.

   ■ Silva, Manuela. The Employment of Women in Portugal. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications, European Communities, 1984. Velho da Costa, Maria. Maina Mendes. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vicente, Ana, and Maria Reynolds de Souza. Family Planning in Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Religion and Catholic Church

   ■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História da Igreja em Portugal. 6 vols. Coimbra, 1910-24, and Oporto, 1967-72. Alonso, Joaquim Maria. The Secret of Fátima: Fact and Legend. Cambridge, Mass.: Ravengate Press, 1979. Alves, José da Felicidade, ed. Católicos e política de Humberto Delgado à Marcelo Caetano. Lisbon, 1969. Araújo, Miguel de, ed. Dicionario político; 1; Os Bispos e a revoluçao de Abril. Lisbon, 1976. Bishko, Charles Julian. Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300. London, Variorum Reprints, 1984.

   ■ Blanshard, Paul. Freedom and Catholic Power in Spain and Portugal. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.

   ■ Boxer, C. R. The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion 1440-1770. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Church and State in Portugal: Crises of Cross and Sword." Journal of Church and State XVIII (1976): 463-90. Freire, José Geraldes. Resistência Católico ao Salazarismo-Marcelismo. Oporto, 1976.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. John C. Banner, trans. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962.

   ■ IPOPE. Estudo sobre liberdade e religião em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973. Johnston, Francis. Fátima: The Great Sign. Chulmleigh, U.K.: Augustine Publications, 1980.

   ■ Kondor, Fr. Louis. Fátima in Lucia's Own Words: Sister Lucia's Memoirs. Fatima: Postulation Center, 1976. Lourenço, Joaquim Maria. Situação jurídica da Igreja em Portugal. Coimbra, 1943.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.

   ■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.

   ■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.

   ■ Robinson, Richard A. H. "The Religious Question and Catholic Revival in Portugal, 1900-1930." Journal of Contemporary History XII (1977): 345-62.

   ■. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing

   ■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.

   ■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.

   ■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.

   ■ Beamish, Huldine V. The Hills of Alentejo. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1958.

   ■ Bennett, Norman R. "The Golden Age of the Port Wine System, 1781-1807." The International History Review XII (1990): 221-18.

   ■ Black, Richard. "The Myth of Subsistence: Market Production in the Small Farm Sector of Northern Portugal." Iberian Studies 1, 8 (1989): 25-41.

   ■ Bravo, Pedro, and Duarte de Oliveira. Viticulture Moderna. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Vinhas e Vinhos De Portugal. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.

   ■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

   ■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.

   ■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.

   ■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.

   ■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.

   ■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.

   ■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.

   ■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.

   ■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.

   ■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Moreira da Fonseca, A. Port Wine: Notes on Its History, Production and Technology. Oporto, 1981.

   ■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.

   ■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.

   ■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.

   ■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.

   ■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.

   ■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.

   ■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.

   ■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.

   ■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.

   ■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.

   ■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT

   ■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.

   ■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.

   ■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.

   ■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.

   ■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.

   ■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.

   ■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).

   ■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.

   ■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.

   ■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.

   ■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.

   ■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.

   ■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.

   ■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].

   ■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.

   ■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.

   ■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.

   ■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.

   ■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.

   ■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.

   ■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.

   ■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.

   ■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.

   ■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.

   ■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.

   ■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.

   ■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.

   ■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.

   ■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.

   ■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.

   ■ EQUESTRIANISM

   ■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.

   ■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.

   ■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.

   ■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.

   ■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,

   ■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.

   ■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.com

Historical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
17 home

həum
1. noun
1) (the house, town, country etc where a person etc usually lives: I work in London but my home is in Bournemouth; When I retire, I'll make my home in Bournemouth; Africa is the home of the lion; We'll have to find a home for the kitten.) casa

2) (the place from which a person, thing etc comes originally: America is the home of jazz.) cuna, patria

3) (a place where children without parents, old people, people who are ill etc live and are looked after: an old folk's home; a nursing home.) asilo, orfanato

4) (a place where people stay while they are working: a nurses' home.) hogar

5) (a house: Crumpy Construction build fine homes for fine people; He invited me round to his home.) casa

2. adjective
1) (of a person's home or family: home comforts.) casero, del hogar

2) (of the country etc where a person lives: home produce.) local; nacional

3) ((in football) playing or played on a team's own ground: the home team; a home game.) en/de casa

3. adverb
1) (to a person's home: I'm going home now; Hallo - I'm home!) a casa; en casa

2) (completely; to the place, position etc a thing is intended to be: He drove the nail home; Few of his punches went home; These photographs of the war brought home to me the suffering of the soldiers.) completamente; justamente, (dar) en el blanco

•

- homeless
- homely
- homeliness
- homing
- home-coming
- home-grown
- homeland
- home-made
- home rule
- homesick
- homesickness
- homestead
- home truth
- homeward
- homewards
- homeward
- homework
- at home
- be/feel at home
- home in on
- leave home
- make oneself at home
- nothing to write home about

home¹ adj

1. natal

he never went back to his home town nunca volvió a su ciudad natal

2. casero

I love home cooking me encanta la comida casera

3. de casa / local

the home team won ganó el equipo local

home² adv a casa

let's go home vámonos a casa

home³ n

1. casa / hogar

he left home when he was 19 se marchó de casa a los 19 años

2. residencia

a children's home un hogar de menores

at home en casa

she's at home está en casa

home

tr[həʊm]

noun

1 (house) hogar nombre masculino, casa

2 formal use domicilio

3 (institution) asilo

■ she lives in an old people's home vive en un asilo de ancianos

4 (country, village etc) patria, tierra

■ she's a long way from home ella está lejos de su tierra

5 SMALLZOOLOGY/SMALL hábitat nombre masculino

6 SMALLSPORT/SMALL casa

■ to play at home jugar en casa

adjective

1 casero,-a

2 SMALLPOLITICS/SMALL (del) interior

3 (native) natal

4 SMALLSPORT/SMALL de casa, en casa

adverb

1 en casa, a casa, de casa

■ she's (at) home está en casa

■ he went home se fue a casa

■ I want to leave home quiero irme de casa

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

at home en casa

home sweet home hogar dulce hogar

to be nothing to write home about no ser nada del otro mundo, no ser nada del otro jueves

to come home to somebody darse cuenta

■ it suddenly came home to me that I was all alone de repente me di cuenta de que estaba totalmente solo

to feel at home figurative use estar a gusto, sentirse en casa

to make oneself at home ponerse cómodo,-a

Home Office SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL Ministerio del Interior

home rule autonomía

Home Secretary SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL Ministro nombre masulino o femenino del Interior

home help asistenta

home base (in baseball) base nombre femenino del bateador

home page (Internet) página inicial, página principal

home run (in baseball) carrera completa

home team equipo local, equipo de casa

home town pueblo natal, patria chica

home ['ho:m] n

1) : casa f, hogar m, domicilio m

to feel at home: sentirse en casa

2) institution: residencia f, asilo m

home

adj.

• casero, -a adj.

• doméstico, -a adj.

• hogareño, -a adj.

• nacional adj.

• patrio, -a adj.

adv.

• a casa adv.

n.

• asilo s.m.

• casa s.f.

• fuego s.m.

• habitación s.f.

• hogar s.m.

• patria s.f.

• patria chica s.f.

• posada s.f.

v.

• mandar a casa v.

I həʊm
noun

1) u c ( of person)

a) ( dwelling) casa f

to own one's own home — tener* casa propia

marital home — domicilio m conyugal; see also at home, home I 3); (before n)

home loan — préstamo m or crédito m hipotecario, crédito m vivienda

b) ( in wider sense)

New York's been my home since I was 12 — he vivido en Nueva York desde que tenía 12 años

they made their home in Germany — se establecieron en Alemania, fijaron su residencia en Alemania (frml)

I still think of England as home — para mí Inglaterra sigue siendo mi patria

home sweet home — hogar dulce hogar

there's no place like home — como en casa no se está en ningún sitio

to leave home — irse* de casa

those remarks were uncomfortably close to home — esos comentarios me (or le etc) tocaban muy de cerca

a home away from home o (BrE) a home from home — una segunda casa

home is where the heart is — el verdadero hogar está donde uno tiene a los suyos

c) ( family environment) hogar m

she comes from a good home — es de buena familia

2) c

a) (of object, group, institution)

Spain is the home of flamenco — España es la tierra del flamenco

the home of the microchip industry — el centro de la industria de los microchips

can you find a home for these files somewhere? — (colloq) a ver si encuentras dónde guardar estos archivos

b) (of animal, plant) (Bot, Zool) hábitat m

3) at home

a) ( in house) en casa

tell him I'm not at home — dile que no estoy (en casa)

he's got problems at home — tiene problemas familiares

what's that when it's at home? — (colloq) ¿y eso con qué se come? (fam)

b) ( at ease)

make yourself at home — ponte cómodo, estás en tu casa

he's entirely at home in Spanish — habla español con total fluidez

c) ( not abroad)

at home and abroad — dentro y fuera del país

d) ( Sport) en casa

to be/play at home — jugar* en casa

Spain is at home to France — España juega en casa contra Francia

4) c ( institution) ( children's home) asilo m (AmL), orfanatorio m (Méx), centro m de acogida de menores (Esp); ( old people's home) residencia f de ancianos

dogs' home — (BrE) perrera f

5) ( Sport)

a) u ( the finish) meta f

b) c ( in baseball) home plate

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- home in

II

adverb

1)

a) ( where one lives) <come/arrive> a casa

I'll be home at five — estaré en casa a las cinco

to see somebody home — acompañar a alguien a casa

nothing to write home about — nada del otro mundo or (fam) del otro jueves

b) ( from abroad)

we've already booked our passage home — ya hemos reservado nuestro pasaje de vuelta

the folks back home — (AmE) la familia

2) ( Sport)

the first horse/runner home — el primer caballo/corredor en llegar a la meta

to be home free o (BrE) home and dry — tener* la victoria asegurada

3) ( to desired place)

there was a clunk as the bolt went home — se oyó un golpe sordo al encajar el cerrojo en su sitio

to get something home to somebody — hacerle* entender algo a alguien

to drive something home (to somebody) — hacer(le)* entender algo (a alguien)

try to drive it home to him that... — hazle entender que...; see also strike home

III

adjective (before n)

a) <address/telephone number> particular; <background/environment> familiar; <cooking/perm> casero

home comforts — comodidades fpl

home delivery — ( of purchases) entrega f a domicilio

home visit — ( by doctor) (BrE) visita f a domicilio

b) ( of origin)

home port — ( Naut) puerto m de matrícula

home state — ( in US) estado m natal or de procedencia

c) ( not foreign) <affairs/market> nacional

d) ( Sport) < team> de casa, local; < game> en casa

[hǝʊm]
1. N

1) (=house) casa f ; (=residence) domicilio m

there's no place like home — como su casa no hay dos

this tool has no home — esta herramienta no tiene lugar propio

• at home — en casa

to feel at home — sentirse como en casa

make yourself at home — estás en tu casa

is Mr Lyons at home? — ¿está el señor Lyons?

to make sb feel at home — hacer que algn se sienta en casa

the duchess is at home on Fridays — la duquesa recibe los viernes

Lady Rebecca is not at home to anyone — Lady Rebecca no recibe a nadie

at home and abroad — dentro y fuera del país

he is at home with the topic — domina bien la materia

I'm not at home in Japanese — apenas me defiendo en japonés, sé muy poco de japonés

• home from home (Brit) —

• home away from home — (US) segunda casa

for us this is a home from home — aquí estamos como en casa, esta es como una segunda casa para nosotros

• to give sb/sth a home — dar casa a algn/algo; (=position, niche) encontrar sitio para algn/algo

• he comes from a good home — es de buena familia

good home wanted for puppy — búscase buen hogar para perrito

the puppy went to a good home — el perrito fue a vivir con una buena familia

• to have a home of one's own — tener casa propia

• home sweet home — hogar, dulce hogar

- an Englishman's home is his castle

2) (=refuge) hogar m ; (=hospital, hostel) asilo m

• home for the aged — residencia f de ancianos, asilo m de ancianos

• children's home — centro m de acogida de menores

• old people's home — residencia f de ancianos, asilo m de ancianos

3) (=country) patria f ; (=town) ciudad f natal; (=origin) cuna f

we live in Madrid but my home is in Jaén — vivimos en Madrid pero nací en Jaén

Scotland is the home of the haggis — Escocia es la patria del haggis

he made his home in Italy — se estableció en Italia

for some years he made his home in France — durante algunos años vivió en Francia

4) (Bio) hábitat m

5) (Sport) (=target area) meta f (=home ground)

to play at home — jugar en casa

Villasanta are at home to Castroforte — Villasanta recibe en casa a Castroforte

they lost nine games at home — perdieron nueve partidos en casa

6) (Comput) punto m inicial, punto m de partida

2. ADV

1) (lit) (=at home) en casa; (=to home) a casa

to be home — estar en casa; (=upon return) estar de vuelta en casa

I'll be home at five o'clock — (upon return) estaré en casa a las cinco

it's a long journey home — hay mucho camino hasta llegar a casa

• as we say back home — como decimos en mi tierra

back home in Australia — en mi tierra, (en) Australia

• to come home — volver a casa

• to be home and dry — respirar tranquilo(-a)

• to get home — llegar a casa

• to go home — volver a casa; (from abroad) volver a la patria

• he leaves home at eight — sale de casa a las ocho

she left home at the age of 17 — se marchó de casa cuando tenía 17 años

• that remark came near home — esa observación le hirió en lo vivo

• to see sb home — acompañar a algn a su casa

• to send sb home — mandar a algn a casa

• to stay home — quedarse en casa

• it's nothing to write home about * — no tiene nada de particular

2) (fig)

• to bring sth home to sb — hacerle ver algo a algn

• it came home to me — me di cuenta de ello

• to drive sth home, to drive a point home — subrayar un punto

to drive a nail home — hacer que un clavo entre a fondo

• to strike home — (=hit target) [shell, bullet] dar en el blanco; (=go right in) [hammer, nail] remachar
press 2., 7)
3.

VI [pigeons] volver a casa

4.

CPD

home address N — (on form) domicilio m

my home address — mi dirección particular, las señas de mi casa

home assembly N — montaje m propio

• for home assembly — para montaje propio
home-assembly
home automation N — domótica f

home banking N — banco m en casa

home base N — [of person] lugar m de residencia; [of guerrillas] base f de operaciones; [of company] sede f

home birth N — parto m a domicilio

home brew N — (=beer) cerveza f casera; (=wine) vino m casero

home buying N — compra f de vivienda

home comforts NPL — comodidades fpl domésticas

home computer N — ordenador m doméstico

home computing N — informática f doméstica

home cooking N — cocina f casera

the Home Counties NPL — (Brit) los condados alrededor de Londres

home country N — patria f, país m de origen

home delivery N — [of food] entrega f a domicilio; [of baby] parto m a domicilio

home economics NSING — (Scol) ciencia f del hogar

home field (US) N — (Sport) casa f

• to play on one's home field — jugar en casa

home fries NPL — (US) carne picada frita con patatas y col

home front N — frente m interno

home ground N (Sport) —

to play at one's home ground — jugar en casa

to be on home ground — (fig) estar en su terreno or lugar

Home Guard N — (Brit) cuerpo de voluntarios para la defensa nacional durante la segunda guerra mundial

home help N — (=act) atención f domiciliaria, ayuda f a domicilio; (Brit) (=person) asistente(-a) m / f (especialmente los que, a cargo de la seguridad social, ayudan en las tareas domésticas a personas necesitadas)

home helper N — (US) asistente(-a) m / f

home improvements NPL — reformas fpl en casa

home industries NPL — (Comm) industrias fpl nacionales

home journey N — viaje m a casa, viaje m de vuelta

home leave N — permiso m para irse a casa

home life N — vida f de familia, vida f doméstica

home loan N — préstamo m para la vivienda

home market N — (Comm) mercado m nacional, mercado m interior

home match N — (Sport) partido m en casa

home movie N — película f hecha por un aficionado

home nations NPL (Brit) —

• the home nations — las cuatro naciones británicas

home news NSING — (gen) noticias fpl de casa; (Pol) información f nacional

Home Office N — (Brit) Ministerio m del Interior, Gobernación f (Mex)

home owner N — propietario(-a) m / f de una casa

home owners — propietarios mpl de viviendas

home ownership N — propiedad f de viviendas

home page N — (Internet) (=personal page) página f personal; (=webpage) página f web; (=start page) página f de inicio

home port N — puerto m de origen

home product N — (Comm) producto m nacional

home rule N — autonomía f

home run N — (Baseball) jonrón m ; (=return journey) [of ship, truck] viaje m de vuelta

home sales NPL — ventas fpl nacionales

Home Secretary N — (Brit) Ministro m del Interior

home shopping N — venta f por correo; (TV, Telec) televenta f

the home side N — (Sport) el equipo de casa, el equipo local

home straight N — (Sport) recta f final

to be in the home straight — (fig) estar en la última recta

home stretch N — = home straight

the home team N — (Sport) el equipo de casa, el equipo local

home town N — ciudad f natal

home trade N — (Comm) comercio m interior

home truths NPL —

to tell sb a few home truths — decir cuatro verdades a algn

home victory N — (Sport) victoria f en casa

home video N — vídeo m amateur, video m amateur (LAm)

home visit N — visita f a domicilio

home waters NPL — aguas fpl territoriales

home win N — (Sport) victoria f en casa

- home in on
HOME COUNTIES Los Home Counties son los condados que se encuentran en los alrededores de Londres: Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Kent y Middlesex, un alto porcentaje de cuya población se encuentra en buena posición económica. De ahí que el término Home Counties haya adquirido dimensiones culturales y a la gente que vive en ellos se les considere en general personas adineradas de clase media-alta que, además, tienen al hablar un acento muy particular, conocido como RP.

See:

see cultural note ENGLISH in English

* * *

I [həʊm]
noun

1) u c ( of person)

a) ( dwelling) casa f

to own one's own home — tener* casa propia

marital home — domicilio m conyugal; see also at home, home I 3); (before n)

home loan — préstamo m or crédito m hipotecario, crédito m vivienda

b) ( in wider sense)

New York's been my home since I was 12 — he vivido en Nueva York desde que tenía 12 años

they made their home in Germany — se establecieron en Alemania, fijaron su residencia en Alemania (frml)

I still think of England as home — para mí Inglaterra sigue siendo mi patria

home sweet home — hogar dulce hogar

there's no place like home — como en casa no se está en ningún sitio

to leave home — irse* de casa

those remarks were uncomfortably close to home — esos comentarios me (or le etc) tocaban muy de cerca

a home away from home o (BrE) a home from home — una segunda casa

home is where the heart is — el verdadero hogar está donde uno tiene a los suyos

c) ( family environment) hogar m

she comes from a good home — es de buena familia

2) c

a) (of object, group, institution)

Spain is the home of flamenco — España es la tierra del flamenco

the home of the microchip industry — el centro de la industria de los microchips

can you find a home for these files somewhere? — (colloq) a ver si encuentras dónde guardar estos archivos

b) (of animal, plant) (Bot, Zool) hábitat m

3) at home

a) ( in house) en casa

tell him I'm not at home — dile que no estoy (en casa)

he's got problems at home — tiene problemas familiares

what's that when it's at home? — (colloq) ¿y eso con qué se come? (fam)

b) ( at ease)

make yourself at home — ponte cómodo, estás en tu casa

he's entirely at home in Spanish — habla español con total fluidez

c) ( not abroad)

at home and abroad — dentro y fuera del país

d) ( Sport) en casa

to be/play at home — jugar* en casa

Spain is at home to France — España juega en casa contra Francia

4) c ( institution) ( children's home) asilo m (AmL), orfanatorio m (Méx), centro m de acogida de menores (Esp); ( old people's home) residencia f de ancianos

dogs' home — (BrE) perrera f

5) ( Sport)

a) u ( the finish) meta f

b) c ( in baseball) home plate

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- home in

II

adverb

1)

a) ( where one lives) <come/arrive> a casa

I'll be home at five — estaré en casa a las cinco

to see somebody home — acompañar a alguien a casa

nothing to write home about — nada del otro mundo or (fam) del otro jueves

b) ( from abroad)

we've already booked our passage home — ya hemos reservado nuestro pasaje de vuelta

the folks back home — (AmE) la familia

2) ( Sport)

the first horse/runner home — el primer caballo/corredor en llegar a la meta

to be home free o (BrE) home and dry — tener* la victoria asegurada

3) ( to desired place)

there was a clunk as the bolt went home — se oyó un golpe sordo al encajar el cerrojo en su sitio

to get something home to somebody — hacerle* entender algo a alguien

to drive something home (to somebody) — hacer(le)* entender algo (a alguien)

try to drive it home to him that... — hazle entender que...; see also strike home

III

adjective (before n)

a) <address/telephone number> particular; <background/environment> familiar; <cooking/perm> casero

home comforts — comodidades fpl

home delivery — ( of purchases) entrega f a domicilio

home visit — ( by doctor) (BrE) visita f a domicilio

b) ( of origin)

home port — ( Naut) puerto m de matrícula

home state — ( in US) estado m natal or de procedencia

c) ( not foreign) <affairs/market> nacional

d) ( Sport) < team> de casa, local; < game> en casa

English-spanish dictionary > home
18 Santos, José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso

(1929-1987)

Balladeer, singer, poet, musician, composer, and teacher. Known to the public simply as "Zeca" or "José Afonso," he was a student poet, singer, and musician in the 1950s, and premier interpreter of Coimbra fado, creator of a new school of fado music, and leader of a reform movement in popular music. Using his distinctive musical compositions, appealing baritone singing voice, and iconoclastic lyrics of resistance to tyranny, Afonso Santos employed his poetic and musical gifts as instruments of resistance and opposition to the enduring Estado Novo. Two recorded songs became early shots in this war: Balada de Outono (Autumn's Ballad) and Menino d'Oiro (Golden Boy). With diverse, subversive meanings usually disguised in allegory, his lyrics and style eschewed the traditional Coimbra fado's fare of broad sentiment and unrequited love. Instead, Afonso presented new ballads with contemporary resonance. In the mid-1960s, when so many Portuguese youth were drafted and mobilized for Portugal's colonial wars in Africa, he lived and taught school in Mozambique, where he organized opposition to the regime. Later in that colony, he was arrested by the PIDE.

After his return to Portugal, Afonso's reputation as a rebel ballad-eer grew; among his most celebrated recorded ballads were Cantigas de Maio (Songs of May, 1971) and Venham Mais Cinco (Five More Came, 1973). His famous revolutionary, rallying song, Grândola, Vila Morena, banned by the Estado Novo before 1974, became the single most famous piece of Portuguese revolutionary music in the second half of the 20th century. Grândola featured Afonso's voice and lyrics and expressed a clearly leftist ideology and resistance to tyranny, to the background sounds of marching feet growing louder. Selected by the coup planners of the Armed Forces Movement as a signal for action, a secret password sign to be played over Lisbon radio at about midnight on 24/25 April 1974, this remarkable song acquired new fame and a place in history as both an actual signal for rebel military operations to begin and an enduring revolutionary rallying cry. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Grândola became the most potent symbol of the move to topple the Estado Novo and open the way for profound change, as well as a musical icon, equaled only by the iconographic red carnation. The first stanza of Afonso's lyrics, translated from the Portuguese, is: Grândola, dark-brown town, Homeland of Brotherhood The people have more power within you, oh city....

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Santos, José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso
19 soil

I soil noun
(the upper layer of the earth, in which plants grow: to plant seeds in the soil; a handful of soil.) tierra, suelo

II soil verb
(to dirty or stain: Don't soil your dress with these dusty books!) ensuciar, manchar

soil n tierra

soil

tr[sɔɪl]

noun

1 (earth) tierra

2 formal use (country, territory) tierra

■ on British soil en suelo británico

transitive verb

1 (dirty) ensuciar; (stain) manchar

2 figurative use (reputaion) manchar

intransitive verb

1 ensuciarse

soil ['sɔɪl] vt

: ensuciar

soil vi

: ensuciarse

soil n

1) dirtiness: suciedad f

2) dirt, earth: suelo m, tierra f

3) country: patria f

her native soil: su tierra natal

soil

n.

• suelo s.m.

• terruño s.m.

• tierra s.f.

v.

• ciscar v.

• empañar v.

• emporcar v.

• ensuciar v.

• manchar v.

I sɔɪl
noun

a) u c ( earth) tierra f

b) (country, homeland) (liter) tierra f

on British soil — en suelo británico

c) u (filth, dirt) (AmE) suciedad f

II

transitive verb \<\<sheet/collar\>\> ensuciar, manchar

I

[sɔɪl]
N (=earth) tierra f
his native soil — su tierra natal, su patria

on British soil — en suelo británico

the soil — (=farmland) la tierra

II [sɔɪl]
1. VT

1) (=dirty) ensuciar; (=stain) manchar

to soil o.s. — ensuciarse

2) (fig) [+ reputation, honour etc] manchar

I would not soil myself by contact with... — no me rebajaría a tener contacto con...

2.

VI ensuciarse

* * *

I [sɔɪl]
noun

a) u c ( earth) tierra f

b) (country, homeland) (liter) tierra f

on British soil — en suelo británico

c) u (filth, dirt) (AmE) suciedad f

II

transitive verb \<\<sheet/collar\>\> ensuciar, manchar

English-spanish dictionary > soil
20 wide

1. adjective
1) (broad) breit; groß [Unterschied, Abstand, Winkel, Loch]; weit [Kleidung]

allow or leave a wide margin — (fig.) viel Spielraum lassen

three feet wide — drei Fuß breit

2) (extensive) weit; umfassend [Lektüre, Wissen, Kenntnisse]; weit reichend [Einfluss]; vielseitig [Interessen]; groß [Vielfalt, Bekanntheit, Berühmtheit]; reichhaltig [Auswahl, Sortiment]; breit [Publizität]

have wide appeal — weite Kreise ansprechen

the wide world — die weite Welt

3) (liberal) großzügig

4) (fully open) weit geöffnet

5) (off target)

be wide of something — etwas verfehlen

be wide of the mark — (fig.) [Annahme, Bemerkung:] nicht zutreffen

you're wide of the mark — (fig.) du liegst falsch (ugs.)
2. adverb
1) (fully) weit

wide awake — hellwach; (fig. coll.) gewitzt

I'm wide awake to your tricks — ich durchschaue deine Tricks

2) (off target)

shoot wide — danebenschießen

fall wide of the target, go wide — das Ziel verfehlen

aim wide/wide of something — daneben/neben etwas (Akk.) zielen

* * *
1. adjective
1) (great in extent, especially from side to side: wide streets; Her eyes were wide with surprise.) breit, weit

2) (being a certain distance from one side to the other: This material is three metres wide; How wide is it?) breit

3) (great or large: He won by a wide margin.) groß

4) (covering a large and varied range of subjects etc: a wide experience of teaching.) reich
2. adverb
(with a great distance from top to bottom or side to side: He opened his eyes wide.) weit

- academic.ru/82279/widely">widely
- widen
- wideness
- width
- wide-ranging
- widespread
- give a wide berth to
- give a wide berth
- wide apart
- wide awake
- wide open
* * *

wide

[waɪd]

I. adj

1. (broad) nose, river, road breit

2. (considerable) enorm, beträchtlich

there's a \wide gap between... and... zwischen... und... herrscht eine große Kluft

the [great] \wide world die [große] weite Welt

to search [for sb/sth] the \wide world over ( fig) in [o auf] der ganzen Welt [nach jdm/etw] suchen

3. (very open) geweitet; eyes groß

his eyes were \wide with surprise seine Augen waren vor Erstaunen weit aufgerissen

4. after n (with a width of) breit

the swimming pool is 5 metres \wide der Swimmingpool ist 5 Meter breit

5. (varied) breit gefächert

to have a \wide experience in sth in etw dat reiche Erfahrung haben

a \wide range of goods ein großes Sortiment an Waren

6. (extensive) groß

to enjoy \wide support breite Unterstützung genießen

7.

▶ to give sb/sth a \wide berth um jdn/etw einen großen Bogen machen

▶ to be \wide of the mark (of argument) weit hergeholt sein fam; (of fact) nicht zutreffen

II. adv weit

\wide apart weit auseinander

to open \wide [sich akk] weit öffnen

his eyes opened \wide with surprise seine Augen waren vor Erstaunen weit aufgerissen

“open \wide”, said the dentist „weit aufmachen“, sagte der Zahnarzt

she longed for the \wide open spaces of her homeland sie sehnte sich nach der großen Weite ihres Heimatlandes

to be \wide open weit geöffnet sein; ( fig) competition völlig offen sein; (offering opportunities) offenstehen; (vulnerable) verletzbar

to be \wide open to attack dem Angriff schutzlos ausgeliefert sein

* * *
[waɪd]
1. adj (+er)

1) road, smile, feet, gap breit; skirt, trousers, plain weit; eyes groß

it is three feet wide — es ist drei Fuß breit; (material) es liegt drei Fuß breit; (room) es ist drei Fuß in der Breite

the big wide world — die (große) weite Welt

her eyes were wide with amazement — sie machte große Augen vor Erstaunen

2) (= considerable, comprehensive) difference, variety groß; experience, choice reich, umfangreich; public, knowledge, range breit; interests vielfältig, breit gefächert; coverage of report umfassend; network weitverzweigt; circulation weit, groß; question weitreichend, weit reichend

wide reading is the best education — viel zu lesen ist die beste Art der Erziehung or Bildung

his wide reading — seine große Belesenheit

3) (missing the target) daneben pred, gefehlt

you're a bit wide there — da liegst du etwas daneben

wide of the truth — nicht ganz wahrheitsgetreu

a wide ball (Cricket) — ein Ball, der nicht in Reichweite des Schlagmanns aufspringt

it was wide of the target — es verpasste das Ziel, es ging daneben

2. adv

1) (= extending far) weit

they are set wide apart — sie liegen weit auseinander

See:

→ far

2) (= fully) weit

open wide! — bitte weit öffnen

the general/writer left himself wide open to attack — der General/Verfasser hat sich (überhaupt) nicht gegen Angriffe abgesichert

the law is wide open to criticism/abuse — das Gesetz bietet viele Ansatzpunkte für Kritik/öffnet dem Missbrauch Tür und Tor

3) (= far from the target) daneben

to go wide of sth — über etw (acc) hinausgehen, an etw (dat) vorbeigehen

* * *

wide [waıd]

A adj (adv → widely)

1. breit (Band, Stirn, Straße etc): → berth A 1

2. weit, ausgedehnt:

a wide public ein breites Publikum;

the wide world die weite Welt

3. fig

a) ausgedehnt, umfassend, umfangreich, weitreichend

b) reich (Erfahrung, Wissen etc):

wide culture umfassende Bildung;

wide reading große Belesenheit

4. groß, beträchtlich (Unterschied etc)

5. weit(läufig, -gehend), auch weitherzig, großzügig:

a wide generalization eine starke oder grobe Verallgemeinerung;

take wide views weitherzig oder großzügig sein

6. weit offen, aufgerissen (Augen)

7. weit, lose (Kleidung)

8. weit entfernt (of von der Wahrheit etc), weitab (vom Ziel): → mark¹ A 12

9. LING breit (Vokal)

10. Br sl gerissen, schlau

B adv

1. breit

2. weit:

wide apart weit auseinander;

wide open

a) weit offen,

b) völlig offen oder ungedeckt (Boxer etc),

c) fig schutzlos,

d) → wide-open 2; → awake C 1

3. daneben…:

go wide vorbei-, danebengehen (Schuss etc);

shoot wide SPORT vorbei-, danebenschießen

C s (das) Äußerste:

to the wide bis zum Äußersten, vollkommen

w. abk

1. weight

2. wide

3. width

4. wife

5. with

6. PHYS work

* * *
1. adjective
1) (broad) breit; groß [Unterschied, Abstand, Winkel, Loch]; weit [Kleidung]

allow or leave a wide margin — (fig.) viel Spielraum lassen

three feet wide — drei Fuß breit

2) (extensive) weit; umfassend [Lektüre, Wissen, Kenntnisse]; weit reichend [Einfluss]; vielseitig [Interessen]; groß [Vielfalt, Bekanntheit, Berühmtheit]; reichhaltig [Auswahl, Sortiment]; breit [Publizität]

have wide appeal — weite Kreise ansprechen

the wide world — die weite Welt

3) (liberal) großzügig

4) (fully open) weit geöffnet

5) (off target)

be wide of something — etwas verfehlen

be wide of the mark — (fig.) [Annahme, Bemerkung:] nicht zutreffen

you're wide of the mark — (fig.) du liegst falsch (ugs.)
2. adverb
1) (fully) weit

wide awake — hellwach; (fig. coll.) gewitzt

I'm wide awake to your tricks — ich durchschaue deine Tricks

2) (off target)

shoot wide — danebenschießen

fall wide of the target, go wide — das Ziel verfehlen

aim wide/wide of something — daneben/neben etwas (Akk.) zielen

* * *

adj.

breit adj.

weit adj.

English-german dictionary > wide

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